GENETIC CONSEQUENCES OF POPULATION STRUCTURE

拟议研究的总体目标是了解 种群结构在物种随时间的演化中，具有特殊的 提到灭绝、重新殖民化和其他国家间的进程 分散。具体的经验目标是：(1)衡量 新近收集的适合度成分的非加性遗传方差 粉甲品系：卡氏拟谷盗和拟谷盗； 确定这一非加性方差与比率之间的关系 细分群体的分化；(3)估计遗传 个体的繁殖性能之间的方差和协方差 一组恒定的基因组成及其对个体的影响 对他人繁殖性能的影响；(4)确定对 差值离散法的区间选择--一个经验模型 赖特的移动平衡理论。这些拟议的实验代表了一个 延续和扩展根据以前的本 格兰特。前三项实验研究旨在确定 适应度分量中的非加性遗传方差 是对人口的速度和范围的充分解释 在一系列早期研究中观察到的差异 这笔赠款。第四个实验代表了一种经验上的尝试 模式间的差值选择，而不是 差异灭绝或重新殖民。这种跨领域的模式 选择以前没有被经验地研究过，尽管它是 平衡转移理论中的主要进化力量。 拟议研究的理论目标是将漂移和 细分群体双基因座模型的选择。我们已经有了 初步成功地使用价格的协方差方法描述 细分鸡群和双基因座的选择效果 描述细分中随机遗传草案的同源度量 具有上位性基因作用的种群。

The overall objectives of the proposed research are to understand the role of population structure in the evolution of species over time, with special reference to interdemic processes such as extinction, recolonization, and dispersion. The specific empirical aims are to: (1) measure the amount of non-additive genetic variance in fitness components in recently collected strains of the flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum and T. confusum; (2) determine the relationship between this non-additive variance and the rate of differentiation of subdivided populations; (3) estimate the genetic variance and covariance between an individual's reproductive performance in a group of constant genotypic composition and the effect of that individual on the reproductive performance of others; (4) determine the response to interdemic selection by differential dispersion-an empirical model of Wright's shifting balance theory. These proposed experiments represent a continuation and extension of research begun under previous awards of this grant. The first three experimental studies are intended to determine whether or not the non-additive genetic variance in components of fitness is a sufficient explanation for the rate and the extent of population differentiation observed in a series of earlier studies conducted under this grant. The fourth experiment represenys an attempt to empirically model interdemic selection by differential dispersion as opposed to differential extinction or recolonization. This mode of interdemic selection has not been previously studied empirically although it is one of the major evolutionary forces in the shifting balance theory. The theoretical aims of the proposed research are to combine drift and selection in two-locus models of subdivided populations. We have had initial success in using the covariance approach of Price to describe the effects of selection in subdivided poulations and with the two-locus coancestry measures to describe random genetic draft in subdivided populations with epistatic gene action.