GENETIC CONSEQUENCES OF POPULATION STRUCTURE

拟议研究的总体目标是了解 随着时间的推移，种群结构在物种进化中的作用，特别是 提到种群间的过程，如灭绝，灭绝， 分散体 具体的实证目标是：（1）衡量 非加性遗传方差在最近收集的适合度分量 对赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum和T.混淆;（2） 确定此非加性方差与速率之间的关系 （3）估计亚群体的遗传多样性 个体的繁殖性能之间的方差和协方差 一组恒定的基因型组成和该个体的影响 （4）对其他人的生殖能力;（4）确定对 种群间差异扩散选择--一个种群间差异扩散的经验模型 赖特的平衡理论。 这些拟议的实验代表了一个 继续和扩展在以前的奖项下开始的研究， 格兰特. 前三项实验研究旨在确定 是否适合度分量中的非加性遗传方差 这足以解释人口增长的速度和程度 在一系列早期研究中观察到的分化， 这个grant。 第四个实验代表了一种尝试， 通过差异扩散模型进行种群间选择， 微分消光或微分消光。 这种流行性疾病 选择以前没有经验研究，虽然它是一个 平衡转移理论中的主要进化力量。 所提出的研究的理论目标是将联合收割机漂移和 细分群体的双位点模型中的选择。 我们有 初步成功地使用价格的协方差方法来描述 细分群体和双位点选择效应 共祖措施，以描述随机遗传草案在细分 具有上位基因作用的群体。

The overall objectives of the proposed research are to understand the role of population structure in the evolution of species over time, with special reference to interdemic processes such as extinction, recolonization, and dispersion. The specific empirical aims are to: (1) measure the amount of non-additive genetic variance in fitness components in recently collected strains of the flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum and T. confusum; (2) determine the relationship between this non-additive variance and the rate of differentiation of subdivided populations; (3) estimate the genetic variance and covariance between an individual's reproductive performance in a group of constant genotypic composition and the effect of that individual on the reproductive performance of others; (4) determine the response to interdemic selection by differential dispersion-an empirical model of Wright's shifting balance theory. These proposed experiments represent a continuation and extension of research begun under previous awards of this grant. The first three experimental studies are intended to determine whether or not the non-additive genetic variance in components of fitness is a sufficient explanation for the rate and the extent of population differentiation observed in a series of earlier studies conducted under this grant. The fourth experiment represenys an attempt to empirically model interdemic selection by differential dispersion as opposed to differential extinction or recolonization. This mode of interdemic selection has not been previously studied empirically although it is one of the major evolutionary forces in the shifting balance theory. The theoretical aims of the proposed research are to combine drift and selection in two-locus models of subdivided populations. We have had initial success in using the covariance approach of Price to describe the effects of selection in subdivided poulations and with the two-locus coancestry measures to describe random genetic draft in subdivided populations with epistatic gene action.