CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE

染色体结构

• 批准号: 3269547
• 负责人: CHARLES D LAIRD
• 金额: $ 21.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1980
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1980-03-01 至 1993-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3269547
• 关键词: DNA; Drosophilidae; RNA biosynthesis; autoradiography; biochemical evolution; biological polymorphism; cell transformation; chromatin; chromosome aberrations; chromosomes; cytogenetics; electron microscopy; fragile X syndromes; gene interaction; genetic manipulation; genetic recombination; genetic transcription; germ cells; heterochromatin; human genetic material tag; human tissue; molecular cloning; molecular genetics; nucleic acid hybridization; nucleic acid sequence; recombinant DNA; regulatory gene; structural genes; tissue /cell culture; transcription factor; transposon /insertion element; ultracentrifugation

The proposed research is directed at understanding principles of chromosome structure. Three specific questions will initially be asked: (i) What genetic decisions or information are required for formation of polytene chromosomes of Drosophila? (ii) What sequences at Drosophila chromosome region 11A are responsible for the properties of "intercalary heterochromatin" and meiotic recombination? (iii) Does the fragile-X mutation in human chromosomes, and a subsequent chromosome "imprint," lead to late-replicating DNA at Xq27? The health relatedness of this project is as follows: question (i) may lead to methods to induce polyteny in cultured human cells, which would provide useful material for human gene mapping; question (2) may provide insight in meiotic properties of Drosophila chromosomes that are applicable to the human fragile X chromosome; question (iii) is expected to provide direct information about the human fragile X mutation and putative chromosome imprinting event that are responsible for the most common cause of inherited mental retardation in humans. Methodologies involve cytogenetic, genetic, and molecular analysis of chromosomes and DNA. Recombinant DNA technology, DNA sequencing, P-element transformation of Drosophila, and genetic analysis will be used for this research.

拟议的研究旨在了解 染色体结构 首先将提出三个具体问题 问道： （一） 需要哪些基因决定或信息 果蝇多线染色体的形成？ (ii)果蝇染色体11 A区的序列是什么 负责“中间异染色质”的性质， 减数分裂重组？ (iii)人类染色体中的脆性X突变， 随后染色体“印记”， XQ27？ 该项目的健康相关性如下：问题（i） 可能导致在培养的人类细胞中诱导多线性的方法， 这将为人类基因定位提供有用的材料; 问题（2）可以提供对减数分裂特性的了解， 果蝇染色体适用于人类脆性X染色体 染色体;问题（iii）预计将提供直接 关于人类脆性X突变的信息， 假定的染色体印记事件，负责 人类遗传性智力迟钝的最常见原因。 方法学涉及细胞遗传学、遗传学和分子分析 染色体和DNA。 重组DNA技术 测序、果蝇的P-元件转化和遗传 分析将用于这项研究。