Global trade of coronavirus hosts: bringing geographically isolated hosts and viruses together risks novel recombination and spillover to humans

冠状病毒宿主的全球贸易：将地理上孤立的宿主和病毒聚集在一起可能会导致新的重组和对人类的溢出

• 批准号: BB/W00402X/1
• 负责人: Marcus Blagrove
• 金额: $ 14.96万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FW00402X%2F1
• 关键词: Global; trade; coronavirus; hosts; bringing

Novel pathogenic coronaviruses - such as SARS-CoV and probably SARS-CoV-2 - arise by two coronaviruses co-infecting viruses a single host cell, and then 'swapping' parts of their genome. The result of this swapping (termed homologous recombination) is a novel daughter virus containing components of each parent virus. These viruses then circulate in reservoir animal populations before spillover to humans.Our previous work has identified mammalian and avian hosts susceptible to each coronavirus and hosts biologically susceptible to multiple coronavirus strains (recombination hosts).Here, using a novel ecological network approach, integrating presence, habitat, and behaviour indicating ecological traits of host species, we will build on our previous work to predict contact facilitated sharing of coronaviruses. Combining these predictions with epidemiologically-relevant spatial predictors, will allow us to predict geographical hotspots of coronavirus recombination (Work package 1), and therefore enable specific spatially-targeted surveillance and mitigation efforts.Many coronavirus hosts interact with humans (e.g. through geographic/habitat overlap), or are used by humans as (e.g. pets/food). By enriching our novel network from WP1 with host species utilisation data from open-access sources, we will estimate the in situ likelihood of spillover from our previously identified hosts (Work package 2). Highlighting priority species and geographic hotspots for spillover mitigation efforts.Wild animal trade has been implicated in the spillover of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, to humans. Trade could also readily facilitate homologous recombination in otherwise geographically isolated hosts and their respective coronaviruses. Utilising global animal trade and usages in our predictive framework will enable us to assess the impact of trade on spillover and recombination risk (Work package 3). Understanding the relative risk of wild host trade will allow insight into avoidable human influence on novel coronavirus generation.

新的致病性冠状病毒--如SARS-CoV和可能的SARS-CoV-2 --是由两种冠状病毒共同感染一个宿主细胞，然后“交换”它们基因组的一部分而产生的。这种交换（称为同源重组）的结果是一种含有每种亲本病毒成分的新型子病毒。我们先前的工作已经确定了对每种冠状病毒易感的哺乳动物和鸟类宿主，以及对多种冠状病毒株生物易感的宿主（重组宿主）。在这里，使用一种新的生态网络方法，整合存在，栖息地和行为指示宿主物种的生态特征，我们将在先前工作的基础上预测接触促进的冠状病毒共享。将这些预测与流行病学相关的空间预测因子相结合，将使我们能够预测冠状病毒重组的地理热点（工作包1），从而实现特定的空间目标监测和缓解工作。许多冠状病毒宿主与人类相互作用（例如通过地理/栖息地重叠），或被人类用作（例如宠物/食物）。通过使用来自开放获取来源的宿主物种利用数据丰富WP 1的新网络，我们将估计先前确定的宿主的原位溢出可能性（工作包2）。强调优先物种和地理热点，以减轻溢出效应。野生动物贸易与包括SARS-CoV-2在内的冠状病毒向人类的溢出有关。贸易还可以很容易地促进在地理上孤立的宿主及其各自的冠状病毒中的同源重组。在我们的预测框架中利用全球动物贸易和使用，将使我们能够评估贸易对溢出和重组风险的影响（工作包3）。了解野生宿主贸易的相对风险将有助于了解可避免的人类对新型冠状病毒产生的影响。

项目成果

Identifying life-history patterns along the fast-slow continuum of mammalian viral carriers

识别哺乳动物病毒携带者快慢连续体的生活史模式

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2722217/v1
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Tonelli A

Monkeypox virus shows potential to infect a diverse range of native animal species across Europe, indicating high risk of becoming endemic in the region

猴痘病毒有可能感染欧洲各地的多种本土动物物种，表明该地区流行的风险很高

• DOI: 10.1101/2022.08.13.503846
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Blagrove M

Features that matter: evolutionary signatures that predict viral transmission routes

重要的特征：预测病毒传播途径的进化特征

• DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.22.568327
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Wardeh M

Predicting mammalian hosts in which novel coronaviruses can be generated.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21034-5
• 发表时间: 2021-02-16
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Wardeh M;Baylis M;Blagrove MSC
• 通讯作者: Blagrove MSC

Divide-and-conquer: machine-learning integrates mammalian and viral traits with network features to predict virus-mammal associations.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24085-w
• 发表时间: 2021-06-25
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Wardeh M;Blagrove MSC;Sharkey KJ;Baylis M
• 通讯作者: Baylis M