Horticulture: predicting strawberry fruit infection by Mucor and Rhizopus using climatic conditions and pathogen inoculum levels

园艺：利用气候条件和病原体接种水平预测毛霉和根霉对草莓果实的感染

• 批准号: BB/X01181X/1
• 负责人: Xiangming Xu
• 金额: $ 6.42万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Agricultural Botany
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FX01181X%2F1
• 关键词: Horticulture; predicting; strawberry; fruit; infection

Over the past 25 years soft fruit production has grown by 600% in the UK and is now valued at > £1.5 billion. Postharvest strawberry losses in particular are largely caused by three fungal pathogens: Botrytis cinerea, Mucor spp. and Rhizopus spp. Economic losses due to fruit rotting do not result from the direct loss of marketable fruit but due primarily to the rejection of whole consignment of fruit if a single rotting fruit is detected in the consignment.Epidemiology and management of B. cinerea on strawberry is well studied worldwide. Managing B. cinerea on strawberry grown in open field can be effectively achieved with the use of disease forecasting models as demonstrated in a number of countries, including UK. Under protected cropping systems, recent research in the UK has demonstrated that rapid removal of field heat after harvesting and subsequent cool-chain management are sufficient to manage grey mould without the need to use fungicides, similar to managing grey mould on protected raspberry crops. This is because nearly all crop losses due to B. cinerea under protected cropping result from post-harvest rot development of latent infections. In contrast, as both Mucor and Rhizopus can infect fruit and rapidly lead to visual, pre-harvest fruit decay, pre-harvest management intervention may thus be necessary for the two pathogens. Currently there is, however, insufficient knowledge to predict and manage the infection of Mucor and Rhizopus on strawberry.This project aims to fill the knowledge gap on the epidemiology of soft rot caused by Mucor and Rhizopus. Specifically, it has three specific objectives: (1) To collect field data on the infection of fruit by Rhizopus and Mucor;(2) To develop, validate and finalise models predicting the risk of infection of strawberry fruit by Rhizopus and Mucor;(3) To develop and plan model implementation for use by the commercial project partner (Berry Garden Growers).Once implemented, the model can be used by growers for targeted disease management.

在过去的25年中，英国的软水果产量增长了600％，现在价值超过15亿英镑。尤其是草莓后草莓的损失很大程度上是由三种真菌病原体引起的：肉豆蔻灰，粘液属。和根茎属。由于果实腐烂而造成的经济损失并不是由于直接销售水果的直接损失而导致的，而是由于在货物中检测到单个腐烂的果实的拒绝，这是由于整个货物的拒绝。在包括英国在内的许多国家 /地区所证明的那样，使用疾病预测模型可以有效地实现在开放田里种植的草莓b。cinerea。在受保护的农作物系统下，英国的最新研究表明，收获后的野外热量快速去除田间热量，随后的冷链管理足以管理灰色模具而无需使用杀菌剂，类似于在受保护的覆盆子农作物上管理灰模。这是因为在收获后腐烂后，潜在感染后，几乎所有由于灰果蝇在受到保护的作物下造成的作物损失。相比之下，由于粘液和根茎都可以感染果实并迅速导致视觉，收获前的果实衰变，因此，两种病原体可能需要进行收获前的管理干预措施。但是，目前没有足够的知识来预测和管理草莓上的粘液和根茎的感染。该项目旨在填补有关粘液和根茎引起的软腐病流行病学的知识差距。具体而言，它具有三个具体的目标：（1）收集有关根茎和粘膜果实感染的现场数据；（2）为预测根茎和粘液粘膜果实感染的风险，以开发和计划模型实施商业项目合作伙伴（Berry Garden Growers）的模型，可以使用型模型来开发和计划模型。