A STEREOTACTIC OPERATING MICROSCOPE SYSTEM

本研究计划的长期目标是开发一种 立体定向手术显微镜系统， 神经外科手术技术的精确性和安全性， 先进 这个系统将存储，空间注册，重新格式化， 投射到手术显微镜的光学系统中 来自多种成像模态（CT，血管造影， MRI）和解剖图谱，以便外科医生可以看到 叠加在手术区域上， 位置、方向和比例。 该系统的独特之处在于 非成像超声三维 数字化定位器用于配准手术显微镜， 患者，并且成像/图谱信息以共同的 坐标空间 手术显微镜保持自由 可移动且与手术区域无机械连接; 手术领域仍然不受常规 立体定向、超声或其他引导设备。 这 系统将通过以下方式实现一毫米量级的精度： 声学定位组件的改进及其 配准算法 同时，数据库（包含 CT信息样机研制成功， 证明概念的可行性）将扩大到 包括血管造影、MRI和解剖图谱信息， 开发适当的空间登记软件。 综合术前数据的处理和显示将 通过手术室计算机的升级， 光学投影元件;交互式开发; 计算机图形程序将允许术前治疗 规划 这个特工的效用和潜在价值 将在手术室对引导系统进行临床评估 在颅内显微外科手术过程中（例如部分和全部 肿瘤切除术）;潜在的颅外应用将是 探讨了

The long-term objective of this research plan is to develop a stereotactic operating microscope system by which the capability, precision, and safety of neurosurgical operative technique is advanced. This system will store, spatially register, reformat, and project into the optics of the operating microscope information from multiple imaging modalities (CT, angiography, MRI) and from an anatomic atlas such that the surgeon will see superimposed upon the operative field that information in proper position, orientation, and scale. Unique to this system is the adaptation of a non-imaging ultrasonic three-dimensional digitizing localizer to register the operating microscope, the patient, and the imaging/atlas information in a common coordinate space. The operating microscope remains freely moveable and without mechanical linkage to the operative field; the operative field remains unencumbered by conventional stereotactic, ultrasound, or other guidance equipment. This system will achieve an accuracy on the order of one millimeter by refinement of the acoustic localizing component and its registration algorithms. Concurrently, the data bank (containing CT information in the prototype successfully developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept) will be expanded to include angiographic, MRI, and anatomic atlas information by development of appropriate spatial registration software. Processing and display of integrated preoperative data will be facilitated by upgrading of the operating room computer and optical projection component; development of interactive computer graphics programs will allow preoperative treatment planning. The utility and potential value of this operative guidance system will be assessed clinically in the operating room during intracranial microsurgical procedures (e.g. partial and total tumor resection); potential extracranial applications will be explored.