A STEREOTACTIC OPERATING MICROSCOPE SYSTEM

这项研究计划的长期目标是开发一种 立体定向手术显微镜系统通过其中的能力， 神经外科手术技术的精确性和安全性是 高级。该系统将存储、空间注册、重新格式化 投射到手术显微镜的光学系统中 来自多种成像方式(CT、血管造影术、 核磁共振)和解剖图谱，外科医生将看到 叠加在作用域上的适当的信息 位置、方向和比例。该系统的独特之处在于 一种非成像三维超声的适配性 数字化定位仪配准操作显微镜， 患者和影像/图谱信息在公共的 坐标空间。操作显微镜可以自由放置 可移动且与手术场无机械连接； 可操作领域仍然不受常规的限制 立体定向、超声波或其他引导设备。这 系统将达到一毫米量级的精度 声学定位元件的改进及其应用 配准算法。同时，数据库(包含 CT信息在原型机上的成功开发 证明这一概念的可行性)将扩展到 包括血管造影术、核磁共振和解剖图谱信息 开发合适的空间配准软件。 将处理和显示综合的术前数据 通过升级手术室计算机和 光学投影元件.交互作用的发展 计算机图形程序将允许术前治疗 计划。该手术的实用性和潜在价值 引导系统将在手术室进行临床评估 在颅内显微外科手术期间(例如，部分和全部 肿瘤切除)；潜在的颅外应用将是 探索过了。

The long-term objective of this research plan is to develop a stereotactic operating microscope system by which the capability, precision, and safety of neurosurgical operative technique is advanced. This system will store, spatially register, reformat, and project into the optics of the operating microscope information from multiple imaging modalities (CT, angiography, MRI) and from an anatomic atlas such that the surgeon will see superimposed upon the operative field that information in proper position, orientation, and scale. Unique to this system is the adaptation of a non-imaging ultrasonic three-dimensional digitizing localizer to register the operating microscope, the patient, and the imaging/atlas information in a common coordinate space. The operating microscope remains freely moveable and without mechanical linkage to the operative field; the operative field remains unencumbered by conventional stereotactic, ultrasound, or other guidance equipment. This system will achieve an accuracy on the order of one millimeter by refinement of the acoustic localizing component and its registration algorithms. Concurrently, the data bank (containing CT information in the prototype successfully developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept) will be expanded to include angiographic, MRI, and anatomic atlas information by development of appropriate spatial registration software. Processing and display of integrated preoperative data will be facilitated by upgrading of the operating room computer and optical projection component; development of interactive computer graphics programs will allow preoperative treatment planning. The utility and potential value of this operative guidance system will be assessed clinically in the operating room during intracranial microsurgical procedures (e.g. partial and total tumor resection); potential extracranial applications will be explored.