TRANSLATIONAL CONTROL OF THE PHAGE LAMBDA LATE GENES

分子生物学家对λ噬菌体进行了深入研究， 这些研究的结果非常有趣， 在发展强大的基因工程方面非常有用 技术. λ分子的一个鲜为人知的方面是， 生物学的本质是控制其翻译效率， 各种基因。 这一点在后期表现得尤为明显。 操纵子，其中不同基因的翻译效率随时间变化。 八百倍 我们的初步研究表明，这种控制是 在翻译的起始阶段。 我们建议 研究λ晚期操纵子中翻译起始的控制， 细节，特别是关于（1）核苷酸的贡献 （2）翻译效率;（3）翻译效率;（4）翻译效率;（5）翻译效率。 Shine-Dalgarno序列及其相对于起始密码子的位置， (3)二级结构的作用，和（4）耦合到翻译的 直接上游基因。 这些问题尚未得到 在任何系统中得到满意的回答。 我们对研究基因的选择和实验设计应该允许 对这些问题的重大澄清， 翻译在原核生物，此外，将有助于（1）我们的 对λ噬菌体分子生物学的全面了解 生命周期和（2）过量生产所选蛋白质的载体的设计 在大肠杆菌

Bacteriophage lambda has been intensively studied by molecular biologists, and the results of these studies have been very interesting in terms of biology and very useful in developing powerful genetic engineering technologies. One of the less well understood aspects of lambda molecular biology is the nature of the control of the translational efficiency of its various genes. This is particularly clearly demonstrated in the late operon, in which translational efficiencies of different genes vary over 800-fold. Our preliminary studies have indicated that this control is exerted at the level of initiation of translation. We have proposed to study control of translation initiation in the lambda late operon in more detail, in particular with regard to (1) the contribution of nucleotide sequence per se to translational efficiency, (2) length of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and its position relative to the initiation codon, (3) role of secondary structure, and (4) coupling to translation of the immediately upstream gene. These questions have not yet been satisfactorily answered in any system. Our choice of genes to study and experimental design should allow significant clarification of these questions regarding initiation of translation in prokaryotes, and in addition will contribute toward (1) our overall understanding of the molecular biology of the bacteriophage lambda life cycle and (2) design of vectors which overproduce proteins of choice in E. coli.