HORMONAL MODULATION OF AVIAN NEUROANATOMY

鸟类神经解剖学的荷尔蒙调节

• 批准号: 3319665
• 负责人: TIMOTHY J DEVOOGD
• 金额: $ 6.89万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-12-01 至 1988-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3319665
• 关键词: autoradiography; brain interhemispheric activity; cell differentiation; cell parasexuality; dendrites; electron microscopy; gender difference; male; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuroendocrine system; neuropsychology; silver impregnation; sound; synapses; testosterone

The canary song system has proven to be a rich source of information on such general issues as neural sexual dimorphism, effects of steroids on brain development and function, adult neural plasticity, recovery of function, and lateralization. The proposed research will integrate behavioral observation, hormone manipulation, and sophisticated quantitative microanatomical techniques in adult canaries to further study these issues. The first two experiments study the behavioral and neuroanatomical consequences of experimentally preventing the normal fall drop in sex steroids. 1. If treatment with testosterone (T) prevents the neural regression and later song reorganization seen in untreated males, it would suggest that processing space in the neural network controlling song is limited: anatomical "erasure" of old circuits is necessary to permit the synaptic realignment which encodes the next year's song. 2. Lesions in left song control nuclei result in substantial song disruption. Recovery using the right hemisphere occurs the following spring. If T-treatment prevents this behavioral recovery, it would suggest that T can maintain lateralized function, and must be removed if there is to be any reorganization of function. Experiment three combines Golgi staining and electron microscopy to find and characterize new synapses in the adult. The P.I.'s computer-microscope system will be used to highlight sites of T-induced dendritic growth. Subsequent EM examination will indicate whether synapses on these new dendrites have a distinctive appearance, and if so, whether new synapses occur elsewhere on neurons from T-treated or control birds. Experiment four combines Golgi staining and autoradiography in order to characterize the song system neurons which derive from adult neurogenesis, and to determine whether endogenous steroids affect their differentiation or fate. Thus, does adult neurogenesis contribute significantly to rejuvenated capacity in the song system? These experiments study questions closely related to human health. Must neural regression occur for there to be forgetting? Are there circumstances under which some behavior must be forgotten in order to permit acquisition of another? Is reallocation of function (a mechanism for recovery from brain damage which also occurs in humans) facilitated by general neural regression in the damaged area? Can the morphology of new synapses and new neurons in an adult nervous system be used to predict conditions which augment their occurance and functional incorporation into a brain region?

金丝雀之歌系统已被证明是一个丰富的信息来源， 诸如神经性二态性、类固醇对神经系统的影响等一般问题 脑发育和功能，成人神经可塑性， 功能和偏侧化。 该研究将整合 行为观察，激素控制， 成年金丝雀的定量显微解剖技术，以进一步研究 这些问题 前两个实验研究了行为和神经解剖学 实验性地防止性行为中的正常下降的后果 类固醇. 1.如果用睾酮（T）治疗可以阻止神经系统的 退化和后来的歌曲重组看到未经处理的男性，它会 建议控制歌曲的神经网络中的处理空间是 有限的：旧电路的解剖学“擦除”是必要的，以允许 编码下一年歌曲的突触重组。 2.病变 左鸣唱控制核团导致鸣唱基本中断。 恢复 使用右半球发生在第二年春天。 如果T治疗 阻止这种行为恢复，这表明T可以维持 侧化的功能，必须删除，如果有任何 功能重组。 实验三结合高尔基体染色和电子显微镜， 并描述成年人的新突触。 私家侦探计算机显微镜 系统将用于突出T诱导的树突状生长的位点。 随后的电镜检查将表明这些新的突触是否 树突具有独特的外观，如果是这样，新的突触是否 发生在T处理或对照鸟的神经元上的其他地方。 实验四结合高尔基体染色和放射自显影， 表征源自成体神经发生的歌唱系统神经元， 并确定内源性类固醇是否影响它们的分化 或是命运 因此，成人神经发生是否对 歌曲系统中的再生能力？ 这些实验研究与人类健康密切相关的问题。 必须 神经退化是为了遗忘吗 有 在这种情况下，必须忘记某些行为，以便 允许收购另一家？ 是功能的重新分配（一种机制 用于从也发生在人类中的脑损伤中恢复）， 受损区域的神经退化 新的形态学 成年神经系统中的突触和新神经元可以用来预测 条件，增加其发生和功能纳入 一个大脑区域