DETERMINANTS OF CHILDHOOD POISON INGESTIONS

每年有200万儿童大量接触毒物； 每年有3000多人死亡，中毒人数位居第三 6岁以下儿童急诊室就诊常见原因 几年前。1984年，罗切斯特生命线收到5312份 电话求助4岁儿童的摄取 年龄及以下的。 研究的主要目标是确定规范 最能解释儿童风险的变量组合 下毒了。研究的具体目的是：1)确定 社会人口，诱因，生活事件和情况， 社会网络、行为和预防健康信念因素 影响儿童毒物摄取的因素；2)评估 儿童健康防护行为的相互关系； 探讨健康防护行为与健康保护行为的关系 儿童和毒物摄入；4)检查亲属 这些因素对中毒摄入的贡献。调查结果将 允许我们推荐降低风险的干预策略 各种因素。 采用分层系统随机抽样的病例对照研究 4岁及以下儿童摄入有毒物质 任何一条生命线都被要求的物质 对儿科急诊进行了援助或探视 科室(斯特朗纪念医院、圣玛丽医院或 罗切斯特综合医院)和对照组(与常规医院匹配 医疗保健来源、年龄和居住地理位置) 将从社区儿科医生的实践中进行。 摄取将被限制在两大类物质： 家居清洁用品及家居维修保养 产品。将分别选择168个病例和169个对照 物质类别(总分N=672)。将收集数据 通过与病例母亲和对照母亲的家庭访谈， 危险物质和生命储存的观察性检查 电话和急诊室的记录。 分析将集中在病例对照对危险因素的差异上。 兴趣和社会人口学的相对贡献 特征、致病因素、生活事件和情况， 行为问题、预防性健康信念与健康 对中毒的保护性行为。

Two million children a year have significant exposure to poison; over 3,000 die each year and poisonings are the third most common cause for emergency room visits for children under 6 years of age. In 1984, Rochester Life Line received 5,312 telephone calls for assistance with ingestions by children 4 years of age and under. The major goal of the research is to identify the specification combinations of variables that best explain risk of childhood poisoning. The specific aims of the study are: 1) to determine the sociodemographic, predisposing, life events and situation, social network, behavioral and preventive health belief factors that affect childhood poison ingestions; 2) to assess the interrelationships of health protective behaviors for children; 3) to examine the relationship between health protective behaviors for children and poison ingestions; and 4) to examine the relative contributions of these factors to poison ingestions. Findings will permit us to recommend intervention strategies for reducing risk factors. A case-control study, using a stratified systematic random sample of children 4 years of age and under ingesting a poisonous substance for which either Life Line has been called for assistance or a visit has been made to a pediatric emergency department (Strong Memorial Hospital, St. Mary's Hospital, or Rochester General Hospital) and controls (matched for regular source of medical care, age, and geographic location of residence) from practices of community pediatricians, will be conducted. Ingestions will be limited to 2 broad substance categories: household cleaning products and home repair and maintenance products. 168 cases and 169 controls will be selected in each of the substance categories (total N = 672). Data will be collected by home interview with mothers of cases and controls, observational check for storage of hazardous substances, and Life Line and emergency department records. The analyses will focus on case-control differences on risk factors of interest and the relative contributions of sociodemographic characteristics, predisposing factors, life events and situations, behavioral problems, preventive health beliefs and health protective behaviros to poisoning.