TESTING THEORIES OF FEMALE HEADSHIP

过去二十年来，美国女性领导者的显著增长 几年来，研究界对此进行了广泛的讨论和调查。 这里提出的研究建立在先前研究的基础上，通过进行正式的 对四种不同的假设进行测试，这些假设已经被建议用于 女性领导地位的决定因素。要检验的理论假设是 女性掌门人的地位受到以下因素的严重影响：(1)劳动力市场机会 妇女，通常由妇女工资率代替；(2)AFDC的水平 和其他转移福利；(3)男性的劳动力市场机会， 特别是以工资率为代表的非熟练工人；和(4) 低收入人群中导致男性数量减少的性别比例 在婚姻市场上有售。将使用两个不同的标准来 判断这四个指标的重要性：它们的统计意义 在微观数据分析中的解释力，以及它们解释的能力 女性掌门人的时间序列呈上升趋势。大量的数据来自 将汇集和分析不同的来源，包括CPS、PSID、 和SIPP。适用于横截面、重复横截面、 面板数据将被估计为与每种类型的数据相关。

The phenomenal growth of female headship in the U.S. over the past twenty years has been widely discussed and investigated by the research community. The research proposed here builds upon prior research by conducting formal tests of four different hypotheses that have been suggested for the determinants of female headship. The theories to be tested posit that female headship is heavily influenced by (1) labor market opportunities for women, most usually proxied by the female wage rate; (2) the level of AFDC and other transfer benefits; (3) labor market opportunities for men, especially unskilled men, as proxied by the wage rate; and (4) changes in the sex ratio in low-income populations that have lowered the number of men available on the marriage market. Two different criteria will be used to judge the importance of each of the four: their statistical significance and explanatory power in microdata analyses, and their ability to explain the time series increase in female headship. A large amount of data from different sources will be assembled and analyzed, including the CPS, PSID, and SIPP. Models appropriate for cross sections, repeated cross sections, and panel data will be estimated as relevant for each type of data.