SEGREGATION AND NEIGHBORHOOD CHANGE, 1970-1990

种族隔离和社区变化，1970 年至 1990 年

• 批准号: 3330552
• 负责人: Nancy A Denton
• 金额: $ 18.5万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-06-01 至 1994-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3330552
• 关键词: African American; Asian Americans; Hispanic Americans; United States; computer data analysis; ethnic group; housing; human migration; human population dynamics; longitudinal human study; social change; social class; social integration; social mobility; social model; socioeconomics; sociology /anthropology; urban area; urban poverty area

The proposed research will analyze residential segregation and neighborhood change in the 50 largest metropolitan areas of the Unites States using data from three consecutive decennial censuses: 1970, 1980, and 1990. After compiling the data set and matching neighborhoods across all three censuses, we will measure the trends and patterns of Black, Hispanic, and Asian residential segregation. We will pay special attention to the causes of concentrated urban poverty and the spatial location of middle-class and underclass blacks. We will also examine the prospects for neighborhood revitalization by new immigrant groups. Analysis of Asian residential segregation will be restricted to urban areas in which they account for a significant proportion of the total population. Several metropolitan areas with large populations are also added to the dataset to provide a more comprehensive picture of Hispanic segregation. Drawing on the previous work of Massey,this research project will update, reevaluate, and extend the work done by Massey, Denton, and Eggers with two new areas of emphasis. First we will explicitly take into account the emerging multi-ethnic structure of large U.S. metropolises in our analysis of residential segregation. Current debates surrounding the persistence of the underclass, the process of assimilation of recent immigrants, and the role of the civil rights movement in helping middle-class blacks to escape the ghetto, all point to the importance of understanding race, class and the multi-ethnic mosaic of our cities. Second, we will develop a comprehensive model of neighborhood change based on housing stock characteristics, racial structure, and the ecological location of each neighborhood. The analysis of neighborhood change is threefold. First, we will identify the neighborhood's race-neutral demographic and housing stock characteristics that predispose it to change. Second, we will determine the effect of these characteristics on the neighborhood's changing racial structure. Third, we will use the neighborhood's ecological location--determined by he concentric circle model, the sector model, and the multiple nuclei model-- as a measure of the context in which the changes occur. The final phase of the project will link our models of the neighborhood change to patterns and trends of residential segregation.

拟议的研究将分析居住隔离和 美国 50 个最大都市区的社区变化 各州使用连续三年一次的人口普查数据：1970 年、1980 年、 和 1990 年。在编译数据集并匹配邻域之后 在所有三个人口普查中，我们将衡量黑人的趋势和模式， 西班牙裔和亚裔居住隔离。我们将特别支付 关注城市集中贫困的成因和空间 中产阶级和下层黑人的位置。我们还将检查 新移民群体复兴邻里的前景。 对亚洲居住隔离的分析将仅限于城市 占总体比重较大的领域 人口。一些人口众多的大都市区也 添加到数据集中以提供更全面的西班牙裔美国人的情况 隔离。 借鉴梅西之前的工作，该研究项目将 更新、重新评估和扩展梅西、丹顿和 埃格斯有两个新的重点领域。首先我们将明确地采取 考虑到美国幅员辽阔的地区正在出现的多民族结构 我们对居住隔离的分析主要集中在大都市。当前的争论 围绕下层阶级的持续存在， 新移民的同化以及民权的作用 帮助中产阶级黑人逃离贫民窟的运动，都是重点 理解种族、阶级和多民族的重要性 我们城市的马赛克。第二，我们将开发一个综合模型。 基于住房存量特征、种族的邻里变化 结构，以及每个邻里的生态位置。这 对邻里变化的分析有三个方面。首先，我们要确定 该社区的种族中立的人口和住房存量 使其易于改变的特征。其次，我们将确定 这些特征对邻里变化的影响 种族结构。三是利用街区生态 位置——由同心圆模型、扇形模型确定， 和多核模型——作为对环境的测量 发生变化。该项目的最后阶段将连接我们的模型 邻里住宅模式和趋势的变化 隔离。