The 'ABC' project. Airports and Behavioural Change: towards environmental surface access travel

航空旅行需求的增长和机场腹地活动的战略扩张，以最大限度地提高消费者需求和吞吐量，具有深远的影响。在提供经济和社会效益的同时，也在资源使用、全球环境破坏和对当地生活质量的影响方面产生了负面影响。该项目回应了机场运营能效研究的一个空白，是机场运营IDEAS沙坑的一个成果。它利用拉夫堡大学、克兰菲尔德大学和利兹大学的方法论专长和研究主题知识，提供与航空业和政策制定者直接相关的产出。该项目采用多学科研究方法，超出机场边界，并考虑了地面交通的影响，由终端和周边设施的访问需求驱动。在关注乘客决策和进入模式选择的同时，它还研究了员工、服务提供商和其他物流活动的影响，特别是对机场和周边企业的影响。总的来说，这项研究的目的是找到积极的解决方案，以鼓励个人更好的环境行为，从机场，以减少整个系统的碳密集性的挑战。它将研究国际和区域机场产生的旅行，并探讨技术和创新系统如何影响个人和细分旅行行为。首先，最先进的审查将审查机场地面通道问题，包括：文献综述，用户群分析;确定机场和产生的交通的碳足迹;和主要利益相关者的参与，包括德尔菲研究，以启动情景开发。其次，技术评估将考虑创新的应用和潜力，以减少机场通道的旅行需求。第三，将使用披露和声明的偏好数据来探讨个人选择现有和未来节能旅行选项的接受程度;将使用先进的离散选择模型来确定个人和细分市场为现实技术进步支付费用的意愿。最后，将评估干预措施的碳减排潜力，为有效投资提供基础，并为更有效的机场系统提出政策建议。

The rise in demand for air travel and strategic expansion of hinterland activity at airports, to maximise consumer demand and throughput, has far-reaching impacts. Whilst delivering economic and social benefits, there are also negative repercussions in terms of resource use, global environmental damage and impact upon quality of life in the locality. This project responds to an identified research gap into energy efficiency of airport operations and is an outcome of the Airport Operations IDEAS sandpit. It employs methodological expertise and research subject knowledge from Loughborough University, Cranfield University and University of Leeds to provide outputs directly relevant to the aviation industry and policy-makers. Adopting a multidisciplinary research approach, this project extends beyond the airport boundaries, and considers the surface transport implications, driven by access demands for the terminal and surrounding facilities. Whilst focussed on passenger decisions and access mode choices, it also examines the impact of employees, service providers and other logistical activities particularly for the airports but also surrounding enterprises. Overall the purpose of this research is to find proactive solutions to the challenge of encouraging better environmental behaviour of individuals to and from airports, in a bid to reduce the carbon intensive nature of the whole system. It will examine the generated travel of both an international and regional airport and explore how technology and innovative systems can influence individual and segment travel behaviour. Initially, a state-of-the-art review will examine airport surface access issues, formed of: a literature review, user group profiling; determining the carbon footprint of airports and generated traffic; and key stakeholder engagement, including a Delphi study to initiate scenario development. Secondly a technology evaluation will consider the application and potential of innovations to reduce airport access route travel demand. Thirdly, the receptiveness for individuals to select existing and future options for energy efficient travel will be explored using revealed and stated preference data; advanced discrete choice models will be determine individual and segment willingness to pay for realistic technology advances. Finally, the carbon reduction potential of interventions will be assessed, to provide a basis for effective investment, and propose policy recommendations for a more efficient airport system.