DRT for DRT: Developing Relevant Tools for Demand Responsive Transport

英国私家车使用量的增加对更广泛地提供交通工具有着重大影响。一个问题是，传统公共交通(即公共汽车、轻轨和重轨)正逐渐成为越来越多出行的不太可行的出行选择，因此迫切需要开发新的替代方案。需求响应式运输(DRT)是一种在20世纪70年代和90年代末/21世纪初几乎成为主流模式的解决方案，现在似乎正在进行另一种尝试，以成为一种可行的交通选择。这项拟议的研究将确定DRT在英国的现有地位；地方对DRT服务(某种类型)的潜在需求；这些地区中最有前途的每个地区最适合的DRT类型；DRT在全国提供公共交通服务的潜力；以及实现这一潜力的障碍和可能的解决方案。本研究的目的是开发相关工具，确定DRT在英格兰和威尔士实现交通和更广泛的(社会、经济和环境)公共政策目标的潜在贡献。首先，将在英国和海外对DRT系统迄今的发展进行最先进的审查，包括文献回顾和与关键行业利益相关者的访谈范围研究。这还将包括从供应方的角度审查DRT的提供情况，调查与成本/收入、车辆类型和技术使用有关的业务决策。其次，英国目前和未来对DRT的需求将通过一系列计量经济学模型工具在各种空间尺度上确定。第三，个人使用DRT的倾向将根据一系列基于初步调查数据的声明选择模型进行估计。这是基于对约2,000名受访者进行的两阶段调查得出的增强的需求工具。最后，将综合这些结果来确定英国推广DRT系统的潜力。

The rise in private car use in the UK has major implications relating to how transport more generally is provided. One problem is that conventional public transport (i.e. bus, light rail and heavy rail) is steadily becoming a less viable travel option for more and more journeys, and consequently there is an urgent need for new alternatives to be developed. Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) is one solution that almost become a mainstream mode during the 1970s and in the late 1990s/early 2000s, and would now appear to be making another attempt to become a viable transport option. The proposed research will determine the existing position of DRT in UK; the potential demand for DRT services (of some type) at a local level; the most suitable types of DRT in each of the most promising of these local areas; the potential for DRT in delivering public transport services nationally; and the barriers and possible solutions to the realisation of this potential.The purpose of this research is to Develop Relevant Tools that will determine the potential contribution of DRT to meet transport and wider (social, economic and environmental) public policy objectives in England and Wales. Initially, a state of the art review of how DRT systems have developed thus far will be conducted, both in the UK and overseas, including a literature review and an interview scoping study with key industry stakeholders. This will also include an examination of the provision of DRT from a supply side perspective, investigating operational decisions with regard to costs/revenues, vehicle type and the use of technology. Secondly, the current and future demand for DRT in the UK will be determined through a series of econometric modelling tools, at a variety of spatial scales. Thirdly, the propensity of individuals to use DRT will be estimated from a series of stated choice models based on primary survey data. This represents an enhanced demand tool based on a two-stage survey of around 2,000 respondents. Finally, the results will be synthesised to determine the UK potential for the diffusion of DRT systems.