PREVENTION OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHILDREN

一项持续的纵向研究计划测量血压， 1223名儿童的身高、体重和皮褶厚度(476名黑人，747名 白色)，每年两次，持续5年，并继续测量A型 每年618名儿童的行为。研究样本是一个稳定的总体 从10,500名儿童中选择的儿童比例超过98% 明尼阿波利斯公立学校系统1年级、2年级和3年级的孩子们 1978年的春天。所有来自顶层和底层的5%的孩子 血压的分布和1/2的黑色样本 来自BP其余地区的儿童和1/9的白人儿童样本 1978年春、1979年春、秋两季每年2次分布， 和1980年的血压和体型测量。这1200多名儿童还 在家中走访，广泛的心理学，医学史，饮食 病史、人口统计数据和夜间尿液Na+、K+和 肌酸已经被收集起来。除了血压，身高，体重， 收集了病史、心理数据和生活事件数据 关于他们的父母。1981年，没有进行筛查，但同意 在学校剩下的几年里继续进行筛选。 1982年，395人测定了22+钠红细胞(RBC)外流率 儿童和602名家长。此外，A型行为模式还包括 对618名儿童及其父母进行了测量。 在研究过程中，基线数据和实验室和A型 分类数据将被用来开发血液预测方程 压力水平在青春期后期最高。这将是 包括推导出“跟踪”的索引和 这个索引。这些可能为原发性高血压提供病因学线索。 并允许深入研究儿童中的其他因素，请访问 风险最高。从这种拟议的预测性研究中，将有可能 制定初级预防战略和更复杂的检查 病因因素。在这项研究的第一阶段，1978-80 对儿童的子样本进行了检查，以确定心理影响因素 成人A型行为与交感神经的差异 高血压病患儿的肾素-血管紧张素系统 还有低血压。A型研究将在目前扩大 学习。

A continuing longitudinal study is planned to measure blood pressure, height, weight and skinfold thickness of 1223 children (476 black, 747 white), twice annually, for 5 years and to continue to measure Type A behavior in 618 children annually. The study sample is a stable population of children selected from more than 98% of 10,500 children being all children in grades 1, 2, and 3 of the Minneapolis Public School System in the Spring of 1978. All children from the top and bottom 5% of the systolic blood pressure (BP) distribution and a 1/2 sample of black children and a 1/9 sample of white children from the rest of the BP distribution were followed 2x per year in spring and fall of 1978, 1979, and 1980 for BP and body size measurements. These 1200+ children have also been visited at home and extensive psychological, medical history, dietary history, demographic data, and overnight urine collections for Na+, K+ and creatinine have been gathered. In addition blood pressure, height, weight, medical history, psychological data and Life Event data have been gathered on the parents. In 1981 no screening was performed but consent was obtained to continue screening throughout the remaining years of school. In 1982, 22+ Na red blood cell (rbc) efflux rate was measured in 395 children and 602 parents. In addition, Type A behavior patterns were measured in 618 children and their parents. During the course of the study baseline data and laboratory and Type A classification data will be used to develop predictive equations for blood pressure levels in the highest percentiles in late adolescence. This will include derivation of an index of "tracking" and the predictive value of this index. These may provide etiological clues to essential hypertension and allow in depth study of other factors among children to be found at highest risk. From such proposed predictive studies it will be possible to develop strategies for primary prevention and more intricate examination of etiological factors. During the first phase of this study 1978-80 subsamples of children were examined to determine psychological antecedents of Type A behavior in adults and differences in the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotension system between children with relatively high and low blood pressure. The Type A studies will be expanded in the present study.