CARDIAC CHARACTERISTICS IN COPPER DEFICIENCY

心肌肥大是一种典型的铜缺乏症状。这个 肥大可能是由于缺铜引起的贫血所致。 另一个需要检验的假说是，心脏 在缺铜状态下，心肌和瓣膜可能发生改变。 这项拟议的研究的目标是评估心脏 从三个角度对缺铜大鼠进行研究：1)结构性， 2)功能性，3)生化性。几项研究将是 已执行。在所有实验中，大鼠将被喂以纯净的食物 根据美国的建议制定的：协会 营养：1)充足的铜(8毫克/公斤饲料)或2)没有 添加了铜。大鼠将从断奶的饮食中维持 直到9周之后。铜缺乏的指标(即 红细胞压积、肝脏铜)将在治疗过程中进行评估 在所有实验中出现铜缺乏症。用于实验 第一，在断奶时和第3、6、6周处死一些大鼠。 9，并对心肌和瓣膜进行处理以进行传输 电子显微镜和光学显微镜观察。其他老鼠 将在相似的时间点进行采样，并具有心脏功能 进行的测试：心输出量、心率、血压等。 在另一个实验中，使用上面的设计，心脏瓣膜和 将对心肌进行单独的胶原交联性分析。 心肌的总交联度将用热分析法检测 提取的胶原蛋白的收缩。将对心脏瓣膜进行检测 利用已建立的技术合成2个特定的交联物 铜依赖赖氨酸氧化酶的结果：脱氢-5，5‘ 二羟基赖氨酸和羟基吡啶。这些研究是 旨在确定结构和胶原蛋白的关系 铜缺乏大鼠心肌肥大的成熟度观察 心功能状态。数据将通过双向评估 以时间和饮食为主的方差分析。发现 将提交给经过评审的期刊。

Cardiac hypertrophy is a classical copper deficiency symptom. The hypertrophy may be due to the anemia observed in copper deficiency. An alternative hypothesis to be tested is that the cardiac myocardium and valves may be altered in the copper deficient state. The objectives of the proposed research are to evaluate the hearts of copper deficient rats from three points-of-view: 1) structural, 2) functional, and 3) biochemical. Several studies will be performed. In all experiments rats will be fed a purified diet formulated after recommendations from the America: Institute of Nutrition with either 1) adequate copper (8mg/Kg feed) or 2) no added copper. Rats will be maintained on the diets from weaning until 9 wks thereafter. Indicators of copper deficiency (ie. hematocrit, liver copper) will be assessed along the course of the developing copper deficiency for all experiments. For experiment one, some rats will be sacrificed at weaning and at wk 3, 6, and 9 and have cardiac myocardium and valves processed for transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy observations. Other rats will be sampled at similar points in time and have cardiac function tests performed: cardiac output, heart rate, blood pressure, etc. In another experiment, using the above design, heart valves and myocardium will be analyzed separately for collagen crosslinking. Myocardium will be assayed for total crosslinking using thermal shrinkage of extracted collagen. Heart valves will be assayed using established techniques for 2 specific crosslinks synthesized as a result of copper dependent lysyl oxidase: dehydro-5, 5' dihydroxylysinonorleucine and hydroxypyridinium. These studies are designed to determine the relationships of structural and collagen maturity observed in hypertrophy among copper deficient rats with cardiac function states. Data will be evaluated by a 2-way analysis of variance with time and diet as main effects. Findings will be submitted to reviewed journals.