MULTI-FUNCTIONAL POLYMER SCAFFOLDS FOR CLEANING CATALYSIS

用于清洁催化的多功能聚合物支架

• 批准号: EP/H034420/1
• 负责人: Andrew Dove
• 金额: $ 29.66万
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FH034420%2F1
• 关键词: MULTI; FUNCTIONAL; POLYMER; SCAFFOLDS; CLEANING

People share a common desire to wear clean clothes, regardless of their wealth or nationality. Current detergent formulations are a complex mixture of reagents, but in terms of their cleaning composition can broadly be considered to contain (i) surfactants to solubilise fabric-based stains; (ii) enzymes to digest stains and (iii) bleaches to degrade and increase the hydrophillicity of coloured stains. Typically, these formulations require non-ambient temperature water to be effective. There is a clear societal, economic and environmental benefit to developing cold water cleaning technology for example in the developed world the significant reduction in energy requirements will have economic benefit to users and the UK economy by reducing energy bills associated with heating water (UK government statistics suggest that the average UK washing machine is used for 270 wash cycles per year with each cycle using 16 L of water. The cost of heating that water (assuming 10 p/kWh and 2.4 M households) is estimated to be in the order of 184 million); this reduction in energy demand will also reduce greenhouse gas emissions from power generation. A significant problem associated with washing at lower temperatures is the solidification of fats and oils, often in crystallised forms below 35 oC, preventing their facile removal from fabrics. While the technological problems of cleaning in cold water are many-fold, ultimately it is the limited performance of the bleaching catalysts and enzymes at these temperatures that are major contributors to the problem.Several technical issues must be addressed to overcome these issues. A key element is the inefficient operation of enzymes and bleaching agents under these conditions. While there are several aspects to consider, the incompatibility of enzymes both with other enzymes and metal-based bleaching catalysts, the self-destruction of bleaching catalysts as well as the requirement to operate at high pH (that is in part driven of the need to activate bleaching compounds), limit the application and performance of the most aggressive formulations. The proposal will focus on the development of technology that enables these, currently incompatible technologies to be applied together under operating conditions that are more consistent with their efficient operation in a way that will prevent deleterious interactions.

人们有一个共同的愿望，就是穿干净的衣服，无论他们的财富或国籍如何。目前的洗涤剂配方是一种复杂的试剂混合物，但就其清洁成分而言，可以广泛地认为包含(I)用于溶解织物污渍的表面活性剂；(Ii)用于消化污渍的酶；(Iii)用于降解和增加有色污渍亲水性的漂白剂。通常，这些配方需要非常温水才能有效。发展冷水清洗技术具有明显的社会、经济和环境效益例如在发达国家，能源需求的大幅减少将通过减少与热水相关的能源账单，为用户和英国经济带来经济效益(英国政府统计数据显示，英国洗衣机平均每年使用270次洗涤周期，每周期使用16 L水。取暖这些水的成本(假设10p/kWh和240万户家庭)估计约为1.84亿欧元(约合1.84亿美元)；能源需求的减少也将减少发电产生的温室气体排放。与低温洗涤相关的一个重大问题是脂肪和油的凝固，通常在35摄氏度以下以结晶形式存在，阻碍了它们从织物上轻松去除。虽然在冷水中清洗的技术问题是多方面的，但最终是漂白催化剂和酶在这些温度下的有限性能是造成问题的主要原因。必须解决几个技术问题来克服这些问题。一个关键因素是酶和漂白剂在这些条件下的低效运行。虽然有几个方面需要考虑，但酶与其他酶和金属漂白催化剂的不相容、漂白催化剂的自毁以及在高pH值下操作的要求(部分原因是需要激活漂白化合物)限制了最具侵略性的配方的应用和性能。该提案将侧重于开发技术，使这些目前不兼容的技术能够在与其有效运行更一致的运行条件下一起应用，以防止有害的相互作用。

项目成果

Benzyl bispidine as an efficient replacement for (-)-sparteine in ring opening polymerisation

• DOI: 10.1039/c2sc22053a
• 发表时间: 2013-01-01
• 期刊: CHEMICAL SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 8.4
• 作者: Todd, Richard;Rubio, Gabriel;Dove, Andrew P.
• 通讯作者: Dove, Andrew P.

Organocatalytic synthesis and post-polymerization functionalization of propargyl-functional poly(carbonate)s

• DOI: 10.1039/c2py20718d
• 发表时间: 2013-01-01
• 期刊: POLYMER CHEMISTRY
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Tempelaar, Sarah;Barker, Ian A.;Dove, Andrew P.
• 通讯作者: Dove, Andrew P.