Spatial characterisation of wind impacts in an urban environment

城市环境中风影响的空间特征

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    EP/I006893/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 12.92万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2011 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

RELEVANCE AND SCIENTIFIC VALUEUnderstanding what and where the climate risks are is essential when planning for resilient urban environments. Several studies have quantified and/or produced spatial maps of temperature- or precipitation-related current and future risks. These offer a valuable decision-support tool for policymakers and other stakeholders. However, given the range and diversity of climate impacts it is necessary to provide decision-making stakeholders with as complete information as possible in order to avoid mal-adaptation. In Greater Manchester wind damage is second only to flooding in terms of the quantity and severity of extreme weather events, which have negatively impacted on the local infrastructure and/or population. Therefore, the addition of a comprehensive risk assessment of wind impacts to the growing body of knowledge on temperature and precipitation patterns will provide a more holistic account of climate impacts, and highlight urban areas or specific buildings which are at particular risk, and ought to be a high priority when planning for sustainable and comfortable future urban environments. Patterns of air flow in an urban environment are complex and it is therefore difficult to provide information at a useful spatial scale. However, with the advent of detailed digital elevation data for urban areas it becomes possible to characterise the three dimensional geometry, which is an important factor in describing exposure to wind. The three dimensional geometry can be linked to existing land use and surface cover categorisations, and experimental work using the city as a laboratory can be used to relate the local characteristics to urban flow patterns. The outputs from this work will provide a valuable means of verifying and extending existing urban classification schemes by establishing algorithms which can be used for rapid spatial characterisation of flow patterns. The algorithms will be transferable to other UK and European cities and will be scalable (sub-kilometre to city-scale), subject to the resolution of input data.PROJECT AIMThe aim of this project is to develop a better understanding of airflow patterns within an urban environment, using the case study area of Greater Manchester. The study will use information about land use, surface cover and 3-dimensional geometry, together with measured data to assess the risk to the local population and infrastructure of wind impacts. The outputs will be provided across spatial scales, taking into account the wider city region and also more localised flow patterns. The findings will be presented with respect to the implications for air quality, thermal discomfort and structural damage.
相关性和科学价值在规划弹性城市环境时,了解气候风险是什么以及在哪里是至关重要的。若干研究已经量化和/或制作了与温度或降水有关的当前和未来风险的空间地图。它们为决策者和其他利益攸关方提供了宝贵的决策支持工具。然而,鉴于气候影响的范围和多样性,有必要向决策利益攸关方提供尽可能完整的信息,以避免适应不良。在大曼彻斯特,就极端天气事件的数量和严重程度而言,风力造成的破坏仅次于洪水,对当地基础设施和/或人口造成了负面影响。因此,在不断增长的关于温度和降水模式的知识体系中增加对风影响的综合风险评估,将提供对气候影响的更全面的描述,并突出城市地区或特定建筑的特殊风险,在规划可持续和舒适的未来城市环境时应该优先考虑。城市环境中的气流模式是复杂的,因此很难在有用的空间尺度上提供信息。然而,随着城市地区详细的数字高程数据的出现,描述三维几何形状成为可能,这是描述风暴露的一个重要因素。三维几何图形可以与现有的土地利用和地表覆盖分类联系起来,并且将城市作为实验室的实验工作可以用于将当地特征与城市流动模式联系起来。这项工作的成果将通过建立可用于流动模式快速空间特征的算法,为验证和扩展现有的城市分类方案提供有价值的手段。该算法将被转移到其他英国和欧洲城市,并将可扩展(亚公里到城市规模),取决于输入数据的分辨率。该项目的目的是利用大曼彻斯特的案例研究区域,更好地了解城市环境中的气流模式。该研究将利用有关土地利用、地表覆盖和三维几何形状的信息,以及测量数据来评估风力影响对当地人口和基础设施的风险。产出将跨越空间尺度,考虑到更广泛的城市区域和更局部的流动模式。研究结果将介绍对空气质量、热不适和结构损坏的影响。

项目成果

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Claire Smith其他文献

Vestiges of Colonialism: Manifestations of the Culture-Nature Divide in Australian Heritage Management
殖民主义的遗迹:澳大利亚遗产管理中文化与自然鸿沟的表现
  • DOI:
    10.5744/florida/9780813034607.003.0003
  • 发表时间:
    2010
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Heather Burke;Claire Smith
  • 通讯作者:
    Claire Smith
Wobst and World Archaeology
Triple phase arterial contrast enhanced MRI for the detection of liver lesions – initial experience
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.crad.2019.09.127
  • 发表时间:
    2019-10-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Rachel Allard;Daniel Wilson;Raneem Albazaz;Claire Smith;Maria Sheridan;Ashley Guthrie
  • 通讯作者:
    Ashley Guthrie
Recent developments in radiocarbon and stylistic methods of dating rock-art
放射性碳和岩石艺术年代测定方法的最新进展
  • DOI:
    10.1017/s0003598x00085008
  • 发表时间:
    1997
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.8
  • 作者:
    A. Rosenfeld;Claire Smith
  • 通讯作者:
    Claire Smith
Comparisons between the ON- and OFF-edge motion pathways in the Drosophila brain
果蝇大脑中边缘运动路径与关闭边缘运动路径的比较
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    7.7
  • 作者:
    K. Shinomiya;Gary B. Huang;Zhiyuan Lu;T. Parag;C. Xu;Roxanne Aniceto;Namra Ansari;Natasha Cheatham;Shirley A Lauchie;Erika Neace;Omotara Ogundeyi;Christopher Ordish;David Peel;A. Shinomiya;Claire Smith;Satoko Takemura;Iris Talebi;P. Rivlin;Aljoscha Nern;Louis K. Scheffer;Stephen M. Plaza;I. Meinertzhagen
  • 通讯作者:
    I. Meinertzhagen

Claire Smith的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Claire Smith', 18)}}的其他基金

Determining age dependent factors driving COVID-19 disease severity using experimental human paediatric and adult models of SARS-CoV-2 infection
使用 SARS-CoV-2 感染的实验性人类儿童和成人模型确定导致 COVID-19 疾病严重程度的年龄依赖因素
  • 批准号:
    BB/V006738/1
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Assessing the contribution of domestic gardens to urban ecosystem services
评估国内花园对城市生态系统服务的贡献
  • 批准号:
    NE/N017374/2
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Assessing the contribution of domestic gardens to urban ecosystem services
评估国内花园对城市生态系统服务的贡献
  • 批准号:
    NE/N017374/1
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Doctoral Training Grant (DTG) to provide funding for 1 PhD studentship.
博士培训补助金 (DTG) 为 1 名博士生提供资助。
  • 批准号:
    NE/H525489/1
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Training Grant
San Francisco Area High School Chemistry Teachers' Project
旧金山地区高中化学教师项目
  • 批准号:
    8470235
  • 财政年份:
    1984
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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