LOCAL REFLEXES IN THE AIRWAYS

呼吸道的局部反射

• 批准号: 3366297
• 负责人: DAVID C THOMPSON
• 金额: $ 12.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-08-01 至 1993-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3366297
• 关键词: asthma; autonomic reflex; bronchospasm; efferent nerve; guinea pigs; innervation; neuropeptides; respiratory airway clearance; respiratory muscles; tachykinin; tissue /cell culture; vascular smooth muscle nervous control

Asthma is a disease characterized by airway hyperreactivity and features episodic periods of reversible airway obstruction. Investigation of the role of neural mechanisms in the bronchospastic manifestation of this disease has centered around efferent autonomic nerves, particularly as they pertain to a central nervous system reflex arc. Recently, neuropeptides derived from sensory nerves innervating the airways have been proposed as being important in modulating airway function to the extent of being involved in an 'axon' reflex network. However, virtually all of the evidence for such a reflex is based on studies in non-pulmonary tissues or on studies using non-physiological stimuli. The hypothesis to be examined in the present study is whether pulmonary sensory nerves or efferent nerves play an important role in the local regulation of bronchomotor tone in guinea-pig airways. The specific objectives are (i) to characterize the central nervous system-independent role of afferent (sensory) and efferent nerves in the modulation or mediation of airway smooth muscle tone caused by a variety of bronchocontrictors in isolated guinea-pig airways, (ii) to identify the physiological importance of non-central nervous system-dependent (or local) reflexes relative to central nervous system reflexes in anesthetized guinea pigs, (iii) to elucidate the features of local reflexes including the breadth of local reflex networks and their role in mechanical distension-induced contraction of the airways. It is proposed that afferent and efferent nerves exert modulatory activities independent of the central nervous system to influence the bronchomotor activity of applied agonists. It is envisaged that information about reflex networks in the airways will provide valuable new insights into the way in which airway smooth muscle tone and responsiveness can be regulated by local mechanisms.

哮喘是一种以气道高反应性为特征的疾病， 可逆性气道阻塞的发作期。 调查 神经机制在支气管痉挛表现中的作用 疾病的中心是传出自主神经，特别是当 它们属于中枢神经系统反射弧。 最近， 来源于支配气道的感觉神经的神经肽 被认为是调节气道功能的重要因素， 参与轴突反射网络的程度。 然而，实际上， 所有关于这种反射的证据都是基于 非肺组织或使用非生理刺激的研究。 的 在本研究中要检验的假设是， 感觉神经或传出神经在局部中起重要作用。 豚鼠气道中支气管张力的调节。 具体 目的是（i）表征中枢神经系统独立的 传入（感觉）和传出神经在调制或 调解由各种原因引起的气道平滑肌张力 （ii）分离豚鼠气道中的支气管收缩剂，以确定 非中枢神经系统依赖性（或 局部）反射相对于中枢神经系统反射， 麻醉豚鼠，（iii）阐明局部特征 反射，包括局部反射网络的宽度及其在 机械扩张引起的气道收缩。 拟 传入神经和传出神经独立地进行调节活动 影响支气管活动的中枢神经系统 应用激动剂。 设想关于反射网络的信息 将提供有价值的新见解， 气道平滑肌张力和反应性可以通过局部调节， 机制等