The measurement of train aerodynamic phenomena in operational conditions

运行条件下列车空气动力学现象的测量

• 批准号: EP/I03842X/1
• 负责人: Christopher Baker
• 金额: $ 71.06万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FI03842X%2F1
• 关键词: measurement; train; aerodynamic; phenomena; operational

There are a variety of aerodynamic effects associated with train design and operation - the determination of aerodynamic drag, the effect of cross winds on train stability, pressure transient loading on trackside structures, the physiological effect of tunnel pressure transients, the effect of train slipstreams and wakes on waiting passengers and trackside workers etc. The magnitude of these effects broadly increases as the square of the vehicle speed and thus with the continued development of high speed train lines aerodynamic effects will become more significant in terms of design and operation. Now it can be hypothesised that the techniques that have been used to predict aerodynamic effects in the past (wind tunnel and CFD methods) are likely to determine magnitudes of pressures, velocities, forces etc. that are higher than those observed in practice, where other effects - such as track roughness, variability in meteorological conditions etc. are likely to usually obscure aerodynamic effects to some extent and, because of this, some of the current design methodologies are unnecessarily restrictive and/or conservative. Thus the aim of the current project is to investigate and measure a range of aerodynamic phenomena observed in real train operation, both relative to the train and relative to a fixed point at the trackside, and to compare how such effects match model scale measurements and various types of CFD calculation, and thus to test the validity, or otherwise, of the above hypothesis. This will be achieved through the instrumentation of the Network Rail High Speed Measuring Train to measure aerodynamic effects, as the train carries out its normal duty cycle around the UK rail network. Also trackside instrumentation will be installed at a suitable site that will allow off-train phenomena to be measured. Calibration wind tunnel, CFD and moving model tests will be carried out in the conventional way for comparison with data measured at full scale. The full scale, model scale and computational trials will be carried out by experienced RFs and will provide data for two doctoral studies, one of which will investigate how the train based measurements of cross wind forces, pressure transients etc compare with those predicted by conventional methodologies, and one of which will investigate how the track side measurements compare with conventional test results. The investigators will synthesise the results and make recommendations for future aerodynamic test methods.

存在与列车设计和运行相关的各种空气动力学效应-空气动力学阻力的确定、侧风对列车稳定性的影响、轨旁结构上的压力瞬变载荷、隧道压力瞬变的生理效应，列车滑流和尾流对候车乘客和轨道旁工作人员等的影响。这些影响的大小随着车速的平方而增加因此，随着高速列车线路的持续发展，空气动力学效应在设计和操作方面将变得更加重要。现在可以假设过去用来预测空气动力效应的技术（风洞和计算流体力学方法）很可能确定的压力、速度、力等的大小高于实际观察到的值，而其他影响--如轨道粗糙度、气象条件的变化等--通常可能在某种程度上掩盖空气动力学影响，因此，当前的一些设计方法是不必要的限制性的和/或保守的。因此，当前项目的目的是调查和测量在真实的列车运行中观察到的一系列空气动力学现象，包括相对于列车和相对于轨旁固定点的空气动力学现象，并比较这些效应如何与模型比例测量和各种类型的CFD计算相匹配，从而测试上述假设的有效性。这将通过网络铁路高速测量列车的仪器来测量空气动力学效应来实现，因为列车在英国铁路网络周围执行其正常的工作周期。此外，轨旁仪表将安装在合适的位置，以便测量车外现象。将以常规方式进行校准风洞、计算流体动力学和移动模型试验，以便与全尺寸测量数据进行比较。全尺寸、模型尺寸和计算试验将由经验丰富的RF进行，并将为两项博士研究提供数据，其中一项研究将调查基于列车的侧风力、压力瞬变等测量结果与传统方法预测的结果如何比较，另一项研究将调查轨道侧测量结果与传统测试结果如何比较。研究人员将综合结果，并为未来的空气动力学测试方法提出建议。

项目成果

Train Aerodynamics. Past, present and Future

火车空气动力学。

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Baker C J

The Measurement of Train Aerodynamic Phenomena in Operational

列车运行中气动现象的测量

• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Research, Development and Maintenance, J. Pombo, (Editor), Corsica
• 作者: Baker C J

A numerical study of crosswind effects on the slipstream of a freight train

侧风对货运列车滑流影响的数值研究

• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Civil-Comp Proceedings
• 作者: Flynn D

The measurement of train aerodynamic parameters in operational conditions - train based measurements

运行条件下列车空气动力学参数的测量 - 基于列车的测量

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: A Quinn

Train Aerodynamics: Fundamentals and Applications

火车空气动力学：基础与应用

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Baker