PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL/GENETIC ANALYSIS OF AVOIDANCE LEARNING

回避学习的心理生物学/遗传学分析

• 批准号: 3377213
• 负责人: F ROBERT BRUSH
• 金额: $ 10.61万
• 依托单位: PURDUE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-08-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3377213
• 关键词: avoidance behavior; behavior disorders; behavior test; behavioral genetics; ethanol; ethology; genetic models; genetic strain; genotype; hippocampus; hypothalamus; isozymes; laboratory rat; learning; learning disorders; liver metabolism; psychological models

The Syracuse strains of rats have been selectively bred for either high (SHA) or low (SLA) levels of avoidance responding in two-way shuttlebox. They have been found to differ in a variety of other behavioral, anatomical, and physiological characteristics in addition to the profound difference in avoidance behavior. The genetic architecture of these strains is to be determined by completing an analysis of linkage in F2,BH, and BL populations, by the development of recombinant inbred strains, and by rederivation with a control line from F6 animals. A variety of Pavlovian and operant conditioning procedures will be used to analyze the ways in which the animals of the two strains differ in their affective, attentional and temporal-processing capacities. The role of the hippocampus longterm potentiation and lesions of the hippocampus. The strain difference in preference for oral ethanol will be analyzed by determining the reinforcing or aversive post-ingestional effects of ethanol and by measuring the activity and isozyme patterns of the liver enzymes involved in ethanol and by measuring the activity and isozyme patterns of the liver enzymes involved in ethanol metabolism. The strain differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis will be analyzed by experiments on the half-life of corticosterone and by in vitro determinations of the responsitivity of the various levels of the HPA. The experiments make use of these genetic models to increase our understanding of the psychobiological mechanisms underlying individual differences in responsitivity to stress and in how individuals differ in their capacity to cope with stressful situations. Similarly, the experiments will increase our understanding of the genetic and experiential determinants of alcoholism and other psychopathologies.

锡拉丘兹品系的老鼠被选择性地繁殖， (SHA)或低水平（SLA）回避反应。 他们被发现在许多其他行为， 解剖学和生理学特征，除了深刻的 回避行为的差异。它们的基因结构 菌株是通过完成连锁分析， F2、BH和BL群体，通过开发重组近交系 菌株，并通过与来自F6动物的对照系再衍生。一 各种巴甫洛夫和操作性条件反射程序将被用来 分析这两个品系的动物在它们的 情感注意力和时间处理能力的作用 海马长时程增强和海马损伤。的 通过以下方法分析菌株对口服乙醇偏好差异 确定增强或厌恶的摄入后效应， 乙醇和通过测量肝脏的活性和同工酶谱 酶参与乙醇和通过测量活性和同工酶 参与乙醇代谢的肝酶的模式。应变 下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质（HPA）轴的差异将 通过对皮质酮半衰期的实验进行分析， 体外测定不同水平的 HPA。这些实验利用这些遗传模型来增加我们的 对个体潜在的心理生物学机制的理解 对压力的反应能力的差异以及个体在 他们科普压力的能力类似地， 实验将增加我们对基因的理解， 酒精中毒和其他精神病的经验决定因素。