PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AND IMMUNE RESPONSIVENESS

拟议的研究将评估心理障碍对 体液免疫和细胞免疫的几个方面。基于以前的 研究表明，婴儿和少年灵长类动物的免疫反应发生了变化， 我们建议对巨噬细胞的功能进行详细的表征 幼年松鼠猴子遵循两种不同类型的分离 母亲。巨噬细胞的表型特征将使用以下方法进行检测：(1) 表面形态和非特异性酯酶染色；(2) 利用单抗定向的免疫化学技术 抗巨噬细胞表面蛋白。的功能功能 来自对照组和应激受试者的巨噬细胞将通过 检测(1)吞噬和细胞内杀伤，(2)抗体 细胞依赖性事件；(3)T淋巴细胞的支持和调节 功能。第二系列研究将比较急性呼吸窘迫综合征的影响 心理障碍对两岁幼猴T细胞亚群的影响 物种，松鼠猴和恒河猴。这种比较是基于 关于先前证明的内分泌和内分泌的显著物种差异 免疫反应，并将评估时间因素的影响， 活动模式，以及提供社交伙伴的效果。 对垂体-肾上腺轴的药理学操作也将是 用来评估皮质醇在调节体内代谢变化中的作用 T淋巴细胞的循环水平。第三个研究领域是 关注妊娠期心理障碍对 婴儿免疫力的个体发育。女性社会地位和社会地位的影响 怀孕期间的搬迁将通过监测差异来评估 将免疫球蛋白传播给新生儿。在此期间将检测免疫球蛋白水平 婴儿发育的前3个月，以及婴儿的能力 建立对抗原挑战的抗体反应将被确定。这个 我们将使用的抗原是噬菌体(OX174)和破伤风类毒素(TT)。 评估妊娠期精神内分泌活动的意义 由此产生的母体抗体传播的改变。我们 已经确定了抗原和检测方法在 之前对非人类灵长类动物的研究。

The proposed studies will assess the effect of psychological disturbance on several aspects of humoral and cellular immunity. Based on previous research showing altered immune responses in infant and juvenile primates, we propose to conduct a detailed characterization of macrophage function in young squirrel monkeys following two different types of separation from the mother. Phenotypic aspects of macrophages will be examined using: (1) surface morphology and nonspecific esterase staining, and (2) immunochemical techniques that utilize monoclonal antibodies directed against macrophage surface proteins. Functional capabilities of macrophages from control and stressed subjects will be compared by measuring (1) phagocytosis and intracellular killing, (2) antibody dependent cytolitic events, and (3) support and regulation of T lymphocyte functions. A second series of studies will compare the effect of acute psychological disturbance on T cell subsets in juvenile monkeys of two species, the squirrel monkey and rhesus macaque. The comparison is based on prior demonstrations of significant species differences in endocrine and immune responses, and will evaluate the influence of temporal factors, activity patterns, and the effect of providing social companions. Pharmacological manipulation of the pituitary-adrenal axis will also be employed to evaluate the role of cortisol in mediating the shifts in circulating levels of T lymphocytes. The third area of research is concerned with the impact of psychological disturbance during pregnancy on the ontogeny of infant immunity. The influence of female social status and relocation during pregnancy will be assessed by monitoring the differential transmission of IgG to newborn infants. IgG levels will be examined during the first 3 months of infant development, and the capacity of the infants to mount an antibody response to antigen challenge will be determined. The antigens we will use are the bacteriophage (OX174) and tetanus toxoid (TT) to assess the significance of psychoendocrine activity during pregnancy and the resulting alterations in the transmission of maternal antibody. We have already established the efficacy of both antigens and assay methods in previous research on nonhuman primates.