LONG TERM CONSEQUENCES OF POSTNATAL STRESS

产后压力的长期后果

• 批准号: 3387402
• 负责人: SEYMOUR LEVINE
• 金额: $ 28.87万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-09-30 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3387402
• 关键词: Saimiri; animal developmental psychology; animal food; behavior; behavior test; cortisol; dyadic interaction; environmental adaptation; environmental stressor; infant animal; longitudinal animal study; parent offspring interaction; psychological models; psychological stressor; psychophysiology; psychosocial separation; radioimmunoassay; sex hormones; statistics /biometry; stimulus /response; stress

The proposed research is designed to study the long term consequences of being exposed to psychosocial stress (episodic vs. chronic) during infancy using a well controlled nonhuman primate model. It is based upon two recent findings from this laboratory's mother-infant (m-i) research program. First, we have found that squirrel monkey infants that had experienced repeated brief m-i separations prior to weaning displayed an earlier onset of puberty and a reduced biobehavioral response to the stress of social isolation when examined as juveniles. Second, we have established a paradigm that produces chronic stress that can be imposed m-i squirrel monkey dyads to study the long term effects of chronic stress during infancy. Increasing the difficulty to obtain food (without restricting the amount of food consumed) resulted in chronic elevation of plasma cortisol levels in both mother infants, and disruption of social relationships. The specific aims of this proposal are: 1) To assess the long term consequences of exposure to the acute and episodic stress of repeated m-i separations. We will investigate whether these effects are simply a response to removal from the mother or whether the degree of the stress associated with the separation is important. The length of separation and the environment into which the infant is placed following separation will be varied in ways that have been shown to increase or decrease the indices of stress. In addition to studying the undisturbed behavioral and physiological development of these differentially-reared monkeys, we will assess their biobehavioral responses to a variety of psychosocial stimuli (e.g., social isolation, exposure to a novel stimuli in the home cage, placement in a novel environment alone or with unfamiliar conspecifics) beginning at weaning and continuing through early adulthood. 2) To investigate the long term consequences of exposure to chronic stress during infancy. Specifically, this study will assess the long term effects of the stress associated with being reared under conditions of increased difficulty to obtain food. These offspring will be subjected to a similar battery of tests as referred to above. 3) To examine the interaction of the acute stress of m-i separation with the chronic stress of increased difficulty to obtain food. In addition to determining the long term consequences of being separated under a chronic stressful environment, this study will examine the immediate response of the m-i dyad to the challenge of brief separation and its subsequent effect on the m-i relationship upon reunion under conditions of chronic stress.

拟议的研究旨在研究 在婴儿期暴露于社会心理压力（情节与慢性） 使用良好控制的非人类灵长类动物模型。 它是基于两个 该实验室的母亲（M-I）研究的最新发现 程序。 首先，我们发现有猴子的猴子婴儿 在断奶之前，经历了经验丰富的简短M-1分离 青春期的早期发作和对应激的生物行为反应降低 当被检查为少年时，社会隔离。 第二，我们有 建立了产生慢性应激的范式，可以施加M-I 松鼠猴子二元组研究慢性应激的长期影响 在婴儿期。 增加获得食物的困难（没有 限制食用食物的数量）导致长期升高 母婴的血浆皮质醇水平和社会的破坏 关系。 该提案的具体目的是： 1）评估暴露于急性的长期后果和 重复的M-1分离的情节应力。 我们将调查是否 这些效果只是对从母亲删除或是否反应 与分离相关的应力程度很重要。 这 分离长度和放置婴儿的环境 以下分离将以已证明的方式变化 增加或减少压力指数。 除了研究 这些这些的行为和生理发展 差异饲养的猴子，我们将评估它们的生物行为反应 到各种社会心理刺激（例如，社会隔离，暴露于 一个新颖的刺激在家笼中，仅在新颖的环境中放置或 与陌生的同种）从断奶开始，继续 成年早期。 2）研究暴露于慢性应激的长期后果 在婴儿期。 具体而言，这项研究将评估长期影响 与在增加条件下饲养相关的压力 难以获得食物。 这些后代将受到类似 如上所述的测试电池。 3）检查M-1分离的急性应力与 获得食物难度增加的慢性应力。 此外 确定在慢性下分离的长期后果 压力很大的环境，这项研究将检查 M-I二元组挑战短暂分离及其随后的效果 关于在慢性应激条件下聚会时M-1的关系。