DISORIENTATION--MODEL FOR NURSING THERAPY

迷失方向——护理治疗模型

• 批准号: 3392322
• 负责人: BARBARA A THERRIEN
• 金额: $ 12.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-01 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3392322
• 关键词: brain injury; cerebral dominance; cues; disease /disorder model; diving /swimming; experimental brain lesion; exploratory behavior; gender difference; hippocampus; laboratory rat; learning; nurses; nursing; nursing intervention; orientation; psychomotor function; space perception; visual stimulus

Disorientation is a major chronic health problem today. Spatial memory disturbances and disorientation are common problems associated with brain damage (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, AIDS, stroke, and head injury). There is little effective nursing or medical therapy available for disoriented individuals who do not know where they are and cannot find their way from place to place. The hippocampus (HPC), a large memory structure of the brain, is thought to be essential for acquiring and retaining spatial information. With HPC damage, humans and animals become disoriented and lose their ability to use external world elements to know the environment and to find their way about. Data suggest that unilateral as well as bilateral hippocampal damage impairs acquisition of spatial information, and gender differences exist. This series of experiments will use an established animal model of human disorientation to examine the ability of male and female rats with left, right, or bilateral HPC lesions and controls to acquire and use spatial information in a new environment. A test of place navigation will be followed by tests of cue-guided navigation ability in an attempt to further describe disoriented behaviors and to identify strategies to eliminate or reduce them. In the first series of experiments, the place navigation task will test an animal's ability to locate a platform hidden under water. In the absence of any cue to mark the exact location of the platform, the animal must find it by using a fixed array of extra-pool elements. Following six days of training with four trials a day, a single visual cue will be added to mark the exact location of the platform. Animals will then receive six more days of testing, at which time a second cue will bc added to determine the effects of an environmental distractor. Time taken to locate the platform, errors in directional heading, patterns of swim paths, and exploratory activity will bc recorded at each trial. The second series of experiments will use the same place and cue-guided navigation paradigms, but the effectiveness of the cue will be enhanced by adding sound or light to it. The third series of experiments will determine whether a introduction of an enhanced single cue (I day vs 3 days) following exposure to a new environment will improve the animals' ability to find their way. This research will expand the original model of human disorientation to examine potential therapies for disoriented behaviors.

定向障碍是当今主要的慢性健康问题。空间记忆 干扰和定向障碍是与大脑相关的常见问题， 损坏（例如，阿尔茨海默病、艾滋病、中风和头部损伤）。有 对于定向障碍，几乎没有有效的护理或药物治疗。 那些不知道自己在哪里的人， 一个地方一个地方海马体（HPC）是大脑中的一个大型记忆结构， 大脑，被认为是获取和保持空间的关键。 信息.随着HPC的损坏，人类和动物变得迷失方向， 失去了利用外部世界元素来了解环境的能力 找到自己的路。数据显示，单方面以及 双侧海马损伤损害空间信息的获取， 存在性别差异。这一系列实验将使用一个 建立了人类定向障碍的动物模型， 左侧、右侧或双侧HPC病变的雄性和雌性大鼠，以及 控件在新环境中获取和使用空间信息。一 地点导航测试之后将进行线索引导导航测试 试图进一步描述迷失方向行为的能力， 确定消除或减少它们的策略。在第一个系列的 在实验中，地点导航任务将测试动物的能力， 找到隐藏在水下的平台在没有任何提示来标记 平台的确切位置，动物必须通过使用固定的 额外池元素数组。经过六天的训练， 一天一次，一个单一的视觉提示将被添加到标记的确切位置 的平台。然后，动物将接受为期六天的测试， 此时将添加第二提示以确定 环境干扰物定位平台所花费的时间， 定向航向、游泳路径模式和探索活动将 在每次试验中记录bc。第二组实验将使用 同样的地方和线索引导导航范式，但有效性 提示将通过添加声音或光线来增强。第三系列 实验将决定是否引入一个增强的单一 提示（1天vs 3天）暴露于新环境后将改善 动物们找到路的能力这项研究将扩大 人类定向障碍的原始模型，以研究潜在的治疗方法， 迷失方向的行为。