DISORIENTATION-- MODEL FOR NURSING THERAPY

迷失方向——护理治疗模型

• 批准号: 3392323
• 负责人: BARBARA A THERRIEN
• 金额: $ 12.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-01 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3392323
• 关键词: brain injury; cerebral dominance; cues; disease /disorder model; diving /swimming; experimental brain lesion; exploratory behavior; gender difference; hippocampus; laboratory rat; learning; nurses; nursing; nursing intervention; orientation; psychomotor function; space perception; visual stimulus

Disorientation is a major chronic health problem today. Spatial memory disturbances and disorientation are common problems associated with brain damage (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, AIDS, stroke, and head injury). There is little effective nursing or medical therapy available for disoriented individuals who do not know where they are and cannot find their way from place to place. The hippocampus (HPC), a large memory structure of the brain, is thought to be essential for acquiring and retaining spatial information. With HPC damage, humans and animals become disoriented and lose their ability to use external world elements to know the environment and to find their way about. Data suggest that unilateral as well as bilateral hippocampal damage impairs acquisition of spatial information, and gender differences exist. This series of experiments will use an established animal model of human disorientation to examine the ability of male and female rats with left, right, or bilateral HPC lesions and controls to acquire and use spatial information in a new environment. A test of place navigation will be followed by tests of cue-guided navigation ability in an attempt to further describe disoriented behaviors and to identify strategies to eliminate or reduce them. In the first series of experiments, the place navigation task will test an animal's ability to locate a platform hidden under water. In the absence of any cue to mark the exact location of the platform, the animal must find it by using a fixed array of extra-pool elements. Following six days of training with four trials a day, a single visual cue will be added to mark the exact location of the platform. Animals will then receive six more days of testing, at which time a second cue will bc added to determine the effects of an environmental distractor. Time taken to locate the platform, errors in directional heading, patterns of swim paths, and exploratory activity will bc recorded at each trial. The second series of experiments will use the same place and cue-guided navigation paradigms, but the effectiveness of the cue will be enhanced by adding sound or light to it. The third series of experiments will determine whether a introduction of an enhanced single cue (I day vs 3 days) following exposure to a new environment will improve the animals' ability to find their way. This research will expand the original model of human disorientation to examine potential therapies for disoriented behaviors.

定向障碍是当今一个主要的慢性健康问题。空间记忆 障碍和定向障碍是与大脑有关的常见问题 损害(例如，阿尔茨海默病、艾滋病、中风和头部损伤)。的确有 对于定向障碍几乎没有有效的护理或药物治疗 不知道自己在哪里，也找不到出路的人 一处接一处。海马体(HPC)，一个大的记忆结构 大脑，被认为是获得和保持空间的关键 信息。随着HPC的损坏，人类和动物会迷失方向， 失去了使用外部世界元素了解环境的能力 去寻找他们的路。数据表明，单边和 双侧海马区损害损害了空间信息的获取， 性别差异是存在的。本系列实验将使用 建立人类定向障碍的动物模型以检验其能力 雄性和雌性大鼠左、右或双侧HPC病变，并 控件在新环境中获取和使用空间信息。一个 地点导航测试之后将进行提示导航测试 能够进一步描述迷失方向的行为，并 确定消除或减少这些问题的策略。在第一个系列中 实验中，地点导航任务将测试动物的能力 找到一个隐藏在水下的平台。在没有任何标志的提示下 站台的确切位置，动物必须用固定的 额外池元素的数组。在六天的训练之后，有四个人 每天的审判，将添加一个单一的视觉提示来标记确切的位置 在站台上。然后，动物将接受另外六天的测试， 将在什么时间添加第二个提示以确定 环境干扰因素。定位平台所用的时间，错误 定向航向、游泳道模式和探险活动 公元前每一次审判时都有记录。第二系列实验将使用 相同的位置和线索引导导航范例，但 通过添加声音或灯光，提示将得到增强。第三季 实验将决定是否引入增强型单曲 暴露在新环境中后的提示(第一天与第三天)会有所改善 动物认路的能力。这项研究将扩大 人类定向障碍的原始模型，以研究潜在的治疗方法 迷失方向的行为