DISORIENTATION-- MODEL FOR NURSING THERAPY

迷失方向——护理治疗模型

• 批准号: 3392319
• 负责人: BARBARA A THERRIEN
• 金额: $ 11.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-01 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3392319
• 关键词: brain injury; cerebral dominance; cues; disease /disorder model; diving /swimming; experimental brain lesion; exploratory behavior; gender difference; hippocampus; laboratory rat; learning; nursing intervention; orientation; psychomotor function; space perception; visual stimulus

Disorientation is a major chronic health problem today. Spatial memory disturbances and disorientation are common problems associated with brain damage (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, AIDS, stroke, and head injury). There is little effective nursing or medical therapy available for disoriented individuals who do not know where they are and cannot find their way from place to place. The hippocampus (HPC), a large memory structure of the brain, is thought to be essential for acquiring and retaining spatial information. With HPC damage, humans and animals become disoriented and lose their ability to use external world elements to know the environment and to find their way about. Data suggest that unilateral as well as bilateral hippocampal damage impairs acquisition of spatial information, and gender differences exist. This series of experiments will use an established animal model of human disorientation to examine the ability of male and female rats with left, right, or bilateral HPC lesions and controls to acquire and use spatial information in a new environment. A test of place navigation will be followed by tests of cue-guided navigation ability in an attempt to further describe disoriented behaviors and to identify strategies to eliminate or reduce them. In the first series of experiments, the place navigation task will test an animal's ability to locate a platform hidden under water. In the absence of any cue to mark the exact location of the platform, the animal must find it by using a fixed array of extra-pool elements. Following six days of training with four trials a day, a single visual cue will be added to mark the exact location of the platform. Animals will then receive six more days of testing, at which time a second cue will bc added to determine the effects of an environmental distractor. Time taken to locate the platform, errors in directional heading, patterns of swim paths, and exploratory activity will bc recorded at each trial. The second series of experiments will use the same place and cue-guided navigation paradigms, but the effectiveness of the cue will be enhanced by adding sound or light to it. The third series of experiments will determine whether a introduction of an enhanced single cue (I day vs 3 days) following exposure to a new environment will improve the animals' ability to find their way. This research will expand the original model of human disorientation to examine potential therapies for disoriented behaviors.

迷失方向是当今一个主要的慢性健康问题。空间记忆 干扰和迷失方向是与大脑相关的常见问题 损害（例如，阿尔茨海默病、艾滋病、中风和头部受伤）。有 对于迷失方向的人来说，几乎没有有效的护理或药物治疗 不知道自己在哪里并且无法找到出路的人 地方到地方。海马体（HPC），一个大的记忆结构 大脑，被认为对于获取和保留空间至关重要 信息。由于 HPC 损坏，人类和动物会变得迷失方向， 失去利用外部世界元素认识环境的能力 并找到他们的出路。数据表明，单方面以及 双侧海马损伤损害了空间信息的获取， 并且存在性别差异。这一系列的实验将使用 建立了人类迷失方向的动物模型来检验 具有左侧、右侧或双侧 HPC 损伤的雄性和雌性大鼠，以及 控制在新环境中获取和使用空间信息。一个 地点导航测试之后将进行提示引导导航测试 试图进一步描述迷失方向的行为和 确定消除或减少它们的策略。在第一个系列中 实验中，地点导航任务将测试动物的能力 找到隐藏在水下的平台。在没有任何提示的情况下 平台的确切位置，动物必须使用固定的方法找到它 额外池元素的数组。经过六天的四人训练后 每天进行试验，将添加一个视觉提示来标记确切位置 平台的。然后动物将接受六天的测试，时间为 此时将添加第二个提示以确定某个提示的效果 环境干扰因素。定位平台所花费的时间、错误 定向航向、游泳路径模式和探索活动将 bc 在每次试验中进行记录。第二系列实验将使用 相同的地点和提示引导的导航范例，但有效性 通过添加声音或灯光可以增强提示。第三系列 实验将决定是否引入增强型单一 暴露于新环境后提示（第一天与第三天）将会改善 动物找到道路的能力。这项研究将扩大 人类迷失方向的原始模型，用于检查潜在的治疗方法 行为迷失方向。