MOTOR AND COMPLEX FUNCTIONS OF BASAL GANGLIA AND CORTEX

基底神经节和皮质的运动和复杂功能

• 批准号: 3397739
• 负责人: GARRETT E ALEXANDER
• 金额: $ 24.11万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-07-01 至 1995-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3397739
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; basal ganglia; caudate nucleus; corpus striatum; electromyography; histology; lenticular nucleus; limb movement; motion perception; motor cortex; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuromuscular system; oculomotor nuclei; putamen; single cell analysis; thalamocortical tract; visual tracking

The principal issues addressed in this proposal are: 1) whether motor processing within the basal ganglia-thalamocortical `motor circuit' is organized, at the neuronal level, in a predominantly serial or parallel fashion; and 2) whether there are systematic transformations, at successive stages of the circuit, in the neural representations of variables that have been implicated in different functional `levels' of motor processing. The proposed studies are designed to determine a) whether the same categories of information (i.e., the same motor variables) are proposed at different stages (cortical, striatal, pallidal, thalamic) of the `motor circuit'; b) whether there are systematic changes in the proportionate representation of a given motor variable by neurons at successive stages of the circuit; and c) whether there are systematic shifts, at successive stages of the circuit, in the regression slopes relating variable-specific changes in neuronal discharge rates to gradations in the represented variables. The Specific Aims for the project are as follows: [1] To determine whether, during the planning and execution of visually guided limb movements, multiple `levels' of motor processing are represented in parallel by neuronal activity within each of the precentral motor fields that contribute to the `motor circuit'. The activity of individual neurons in SMA, MC and APA will be recorded in monkeys performing tasks that require them to make reaching movements to position a cursor in two-dimensional space. The tasks involve both the preparation and execution `modes' of motor processing, and will also dissociate variables relevant to different `levels' of processing viz, target level variables, trajectory/kinematic variables, and dynamic/muscle-related variables. Data from the three areas will then be compared, based on results of both categorical and regression analyses. [2] To determine whether, during the planning and execution of visually guided limb movements, multiple `levels' of motor processing are represented in parallel by neuronal activity at the striatal stage of the `motor circuit'. Task-related single unit activity will be sampled from the arm region of the putamen in monkeys performing the same tasks employed in Specific Aim 1. After being subjected to the same set of analyses, the data will be compared with those obtained in Specific Aim 1. [3] To determine whether, during the planning and execution of visually guided limb movements, multiple `levels' of motor processing are represented in parallel by neuronal activity at the pallidal stage of the `motor circuit'. Task-related single unit activity will be sampled from the arm region of GPi in monkeys performing the same tasks used in Specific Aims 1 and 2. These data will be compared with those obtained in Specific Aim 2, in the same manner as the putamen and cortical data are to be compared. [4] To determine whether, during the planning and execution of visually guided limb movements, multiple `levels' of motor processing are represented in parallel by neuronal activity at the thalamic stage of the `motor circuit'. Task-related single unit activity will be sampled from the are region of VLo in monkeys performing the same tasks used in Specific Aims 1-3. These data will be subjected to the same analyses outlined above, and compared with both a) the SMA data from Specific Aim 1, and b) the GPi data from Specific Aim 3.

该提案解决的主要问题是：1）电机是否 基底节-丘脑皮质“运动回路”内的处理是 在神经元水平上以串行或并行为主的方式组织 时尚; 2）是否有系统的转变，在连续的 电路的各个阶段，在变量的神经表示中 与运动处理的不同功能“水平”有关。 这 拟议的研究旨在确定a）是否相同类别 不同的信息（即相同的电机变量）被提出 “运动回路”的阶段（皮质、纹状体、苍白球、丘脑）； b) 代表比例是否发生系统性变化 电路连续阶段的神经元给定的运动变量；和 c) 在连续阶段是否存在系统性转变 电路中，在与变量特定变化相关的回归斜率中 神经元放电率到所代表变量的等级。 这 该项目的具体目标如下： [1] 确定是否， 在视觉引导的肢体运动的规划和执行过程中， 运动处理的多个“级别”并行地表示为 每个中央前运动场内的神经元活动 有助于“电机电路”。 单个神经元的活动 SMA、MC 和 APA 将在猴子执行需要的任务时被记录下来 它们进行伸手运动以在二维中定位光标 空间。 这些任务涉及准备和执行“模式” 运动处理，并且还将分离与不同相关的变量 处理的“级别”，即目标级别变量、轨迹/运动学 变量和动态/肌肉相关变量。 三个领域的数据 然后将根据分类和回归的结果进行比较 分析。 [2] 确定在规划和执行期间是否 视觉引导的肢体运动，运动处理的多个“级别” 由纹状体阶段的神经元活动并行表示 “电机电路”。 与任务相关的单个单元活动将从 执行相同任务的猴子的壳核手臂区域 在具体目标 1 中，经过同一组分析后， 数据将与具体目标 1 中获得的数据进行比较。 [3] 确定在规划和执行过程中是否采用视觉引导 肢体运动，运动处理的多个“级别”表示为 与“运动回路”苍白球阶段的神经元活动平行。 与任务相关的单个单元活动将从手臂区域采样 猴子中的 GPi 执行特定目标 1 和 2 中使用的相同任务。 这些数据将与特定目标 2 中获得的数据进行比较， 与壳核和皮质数据的比较方式相同。 [4] 至 确定在规划和执行过程中是否采用视觉引导 肢体运动，运动处理的多个“级别”表示为 与“运动回路”丘脑阶段的神经元活动平行。 与任务相关的单个单元活动将从以下区域中采样 猴子的 VLo 执行与特定目标 1-3 中使用的相同任务。 这些 数据将接受上述相同的分析，并进行比较 a) 来自特定目标 1 的 SMA 数据，b) 来自特定目标 1 的 GPi 数据 具体目标 3.