MOTOR AND COMPLEX FUNCTIONS OF BASAL GANGLIA

两个核亚部的外部连接模式 灵长类新纹状体表明壳核和尾状核可能 有不同的功能，壳核主要参与 运动控制，而尾状核参与更复杂的 行为过程 拟议的研究将审查 新纹状体功能分化，并试图 澄清这一结构投射其 通过基底核的输出核团对其他脑区的影响 神经节（特别是苍白球的内部部分 （GPi））。 该项目的具体目标是： 1)使用单细胞记录和微刺激技术， 假设壳核参与了 依赖于动作的运动反应的执行。 2)使用单细胞记录技术来检验以下假设： 尾状核的功能分化与 其异质性皮层输入的地形分布，因此可能 a）在某些需要的初始记忆过程中发挥作用 动作依赖性运动反应，和B）在编程中（和 可能执行）的扫视眼球运动在一个依赖于注意力的 视觉跟踪任务。 3)为了确定壳核和尾状核是否具有独特的， 运动中的分离角色和更复杂的行为功能， 潜在的依赖性运动反应，通过比较的影响， 纤维保留神经毒性（鹅膏蕈氨酸）病变的每一个这些 任务绩效的结构。 4)为了确定是否正常的运动，以及那些诱发的 壳核微刺激，依赖于GABA介导的通过 输出核的基底神经节，通过表征的影响， GPi注射GABA相关药物对两种类型的运动活动的影响。 这些研究旨在阐明壳核的作用， 正常运动和更复杂的行为过程中的尾状核， 还应该提供对某些潜在的基本机制的深入了解， 运动和高级运动控制障碍 基底神经节疾病，包括帕金森病和亨廷顿病 疾病

The patterns of extrinsic connections of the two nuclear subdivisions of the primate neostriatum suggest that the putamen and caudate nucleus may subserve different functions, with the putamen participating principally in motor control while the caudate nucleus is involved in more complex behavioral processes. The studies proposed will examine the degree to which the neostriatum is functionally differentiated, and attempt to clarify some of the mechanisms by which this structure projects its influences to other brain regions via the output nuclei of the basal ganglia (in particular, the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi)). The specific aims of the project are: 1) To examine, using single cell recording and microstimulation techniques, the hypothesis that the putamen participates in the preparation for and execution of instruction-dependent motor responses. 2) To examine, using single cell recording techniques, the hypothesis that the caudate nucleus is functionally differentiated in accordance with the topographic distribution of its heterogeneous cortical inputs, and thus may have a role a) in the initial memory processes required for certain instruction-dependent motor responses, and b) in the programing (and possibly execution) of saccadic eye movements in an instruction-dependent visual tracking task. 3) To determine whether the putamen and caudate nucleus have unique and dissociated roles in the motor and more complex behavioral functions which underly instruction-dependent motor responses, by comparing the effects of fiber-sparing neurotoxic (ibotenic acid) lesions of each of these structures on task performance. 4) To determine whether normal movements, as well as those evoked by putamen microstimulation, depend upon GABA-mediated transmission through the output nuclei of the basal ganglia, by characterizing the influence of GPi injections of GABA-related drugs on both types of motor activity. These studies are designed to elucidate the roles of the putamen and caudate nucleus in normal motor and more complex behavioral processes, and should also provide insight into basic mechanisms underlying certain disorders of movement and high-level motor control in patients with diseases of the basal ganglia, including Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases.