BRAINSTEM RESPIRATORY NEURON INTERACTIONS

这项研究的长期目标是阐明神经机制 哺乳动物呼吸节律的发生及其调节。 越 该建议的直接和可实现的目的是检测和 脑干呼吸神经元之间相互作用的评价。 可用 数据表明，广泛持有的假设，即呼吸节律是一个 位于脑干的神经网络的涌现特性。 而 节律性活动可以由延髓单独产生， 脑桥和延髓的呼吸神经元被认为是 在正常呼吸节律的产生中起重要作用。 定义不同类型呼吸系统之间的功能相互作用 脑桥和延髓的相关神经元是这个过程中的必要步骤 阐明哺乳动物呼吸节律形成的机制。 的 解释来自单个单元、刺激、解剖和 病变研究需要了解这种相互作用。 延髓呼吸相关神经元之间的相互作用。孤束 孤独者，n.模棱两可的人面部后神经，n. paragigantocellauris lateralis）和脑桥（Kolliker-Benn.，n. 臂旁内侧肌）将在瘫痪、麻醉或 用膈神经触发呼吸器对猫进行去脑通气。 的 两个或多个核中的几个神经元的活动将同时进行。 用六个微电极记录。 每个神经元的相位关系 膈运动神经元活动，对肺变化的反应， 体积，并在适当时，轴突投影将被确定。 常规的神经生理学技术，包括统计学（例如， 交叉相关）分析细胞外记录的尖峰序列， 微刺激和尖峰触发平均方法，将用于 检测和评估的功能之间的连接的重要性 观察呼吸周期中的神经元。 我们的实验可能会支持 当前的假设或导致新的想法。 无论哪种情况，他们都应该 不仅有助于我们理解呼吸节律的形成， 它的调制，而且还集中发电机的更广泛的问题， 哺乳动物神经系统中的程序。

The long term goal of this research is to elucidate the neural mechanisms for mammalian respiratory rhythmogenesis and its modulation. The more immediate and realizable aim of this proposal is the detection and evaluation of interactions among brainstem respiratory neurons. Available data suggest the widely held hypothesis that the respiratory rhythm is an emergent property of a neural network located in the brainstem. While rhythmic activity can be generated by the medulla alone, interactions among respiratory neurons of the pons and medulla are thought to play an essential role in the generation of the eupneic respiratory rhythm. Defining the functional interactions among the various types of respiratory related neurons of the pons and medulla is a necessary step in the process of elucidating the mechanism of mammalian respiratory rhythmogenesis. The interpretation of data from single unit, stimulation, anatomical and lesioning studies requires an understanding of such interactions. Interactions among respiratory related neurons of the medulla (n. tractus solitarius, n. ambiguus, n. retorambigualis, retrofacial n., n. paragigantocellauris lateralis) and pons (Kolliker-Fuse n., n. parabrachialis medialis) will be studied in paralyzed, anesthetized or decerebrate cats ventilated with a phrenic triggered respirator. The activities of several neurons in two or more nuclei will be simultaneously recorded with six microelectrodes. The phase relationship of each neuron's activity to phrenic motoneuron activity, responses to changes in lung volume, and when appropriate, axonal projections will be determined. Conventional neurophysiological techniques, including statistical (e.g., cross-correlation) analysis of extracellularly recorded spike trains, microstimulation and spike triggered averaging methods, will be used to detect and evaluate the functional significance of connections among the observed neurons during the respiratory cycle. Our experiments may support current hypotheses or lead to new ideas. In either case they should contribute not only to our understanding of respiratory rhythmogenesis and its modulation, but also to the broader issue of centrally generated motor programs in the mammalian nervous system.