CNS CCK IN APPETITIVE AND CONSUMMATORY FOOD MOTIVATION

拟议研究的目的是确定行为 八肽缩胆囊素作用的生物学基础 (CCK-8)对大鼠对食物的反应。行为基础将是 既用食欲也用耗材进行调查 激励行为的衡量标准。食欲的衡量标准是 在一米长的跑道上，跑步速度只有很小的食物奖励， 其中邮寄的影响可以忽略不计。贪婪的人 测量是指在一小时的摄入量测试中摄取的食物量。 在动物家里的笼子里。消耗性措施达到了 CCK的饱腹感效应及其食欲测量 CCK对味觉响应性味觉奖赏的影响 食品的激励价值。 生物学基础将通过追踪我们以前的 发现外源性CCK既有外周(腹膜) 或I.P.)和中枢(脑室内或脑室内)对 饱腹感和食物奖励(1，2)。为了探索这些影响 此外，预喂养将与外周或中央相结合 CCK管理，检验有效的假设 每种给药途径中的剂量都将通过预先喂养来降低 第二个假设是亚阈值I.P.和icv CCK剂量 将是相加的，因此当一起服用时有效。 为了探索神经基质，脑室注射的位置将是 从前脑室(第三脑室和侧脑室)到 第四脑室。此外，大脑中的特定位置将是 通过租赁这些地点和通过直接注入 CCK或CCK阻滞剂丙谷胺，以确定 是否中心(以及在适当情况下，外围)影响 CCK可增强或减弱。在饱腹感的研究中 CCK的作用，食物剥夺的大鼠将被使用和地点 勘探将包括最后区域(AP)和 室旁核(PVN)。在CCK作用的研究中 食物饱足大鼠的味觉奖赏与激励效应 将被用来研究边缘味觉通路中的位置， 包括孤束核的吻区 脑桥味觉中的臂旁核(NTS) 下丘脑外侧核和丘脑中央核。 杏仁核(CNA)。 通过阐明CCK对食欲和 对食物的消费方面的动机我们会 为激励理论做出贡献，也会获得更好的 对行为和生物过程的理解 饮食失调中的错误。

The purpose of the proposed studies is to determine the behavioral and biological bases of the effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) on the rat's responses to food. The behavioral basis will be investigated by using appetitive as well as consummatory measures of motivated behavior. The appetitive measure is the running speed to very small food rewards in a meter-long runway, where postingestional effects are negligible. The consummatory measure is the amount of food ingested in a one-hour intake test in the animal's home cage. The consummatory measure gets at the satiety effects of CCK and the appetitive measure at the effects of CCK on taste-responsiveness taste reward, and the incentive value of foods. The biological basis will be investigated by pursuing our previous findings that exogenous CCK has both peripheral (intraperitoneal or i.p.) and central (intracerebroventricular or ICV) effects on satiation and on food rewards (1,2). To explore these effects further, prefeeding will be combined with peripheral or central CCK administration, testing the hypothesis that the effective dose in each route of administration will be lowered by prefeeding and a second hypothesis that subthreshold i.p. and ICV CCK doses will be additive and thus effective when given together. To explore the neural substrate, the locus of ICV injection will be varied from the anterior ventricles (third and lateral) to the fourth ventricle. In addition, specific sites in the brain will be investigated by lesioning those sites and by direct injection of CCK or the CCK-blocker, proglumide, in order to determine whether central (and where appropriate, peripheral) effects of CCK may be enhanced or diminished. In the study of the satiating effect of CCK, food-deprived rats will be used and the sites to be explored will include the area postrema (AP) and the paraventricular nuclei (PVN). In the study of the effects of CCK on taste reward and incentive effectiveness, food-satiated rats will be used to investigate sites in the limbic taste pathway, including the rostral region of the nucleus of the solitary tract (rostral NTS), the parabrachial nuclei (PBN) in the pontine taste area, the lateral hypothalamus (LH), and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CNA). By elucidating CCK's effects on both appetitive and consummatory aspects of the motivation toward food we will contribute to the theory of motivation, and also gain a better understanding of the behavioral and biological processes that go awry in the eating disorders.