APRAXIA--NEURAL REPRESENTATIONS OF LEARNED MOVEMENT

失用症—​​—习得运动的神经表征

• 批准号: 2267086
• 负责人: Howard Poizner
• 金额: $ 15.25万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS THE STATE UNIV OF NJ NEWARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-03-01 至 1994-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2267086
• 关键词: apraxias; brain interhemispheric activity; chronic brain damage; computer assisted diagnosis; computer simulation; degenerative motor system disease; homeostasis; human subject; motion perception; nervous system disorder diagnosis; proprioception /kinesthesia; sequential perception

The left cerebral hemisphere in man contains anatomic structures specialized not only for language but also for higher-order motor programming. A major problem, however, in investigating the nature of this specialized movement control system has been the difficulty of obtaining objective measurement of movement in three-dimensional space. To this end, a series of investigations are proposed all involving three- dimensional computergraphic modeling and analysis of a neural disorder of movement (apraxia) that results from failure of this left hemisphere system. Analysis and simulations of impairments in movement timing, spatial relations, and joint control will provide unique insight into the nature of the left cerebral hemisphere's representations of learned, skilled movements. The investigation proceeds along four lines of inquiry: Fractional of Neural Representations of Learned Movement. Alternate models of the basis of apraxia are tested, focussing on the hypothesis that apraxia results from destruction of spatiotemporal representations of learned movement stored in the left hemisphere. The fractionation of these representations due to specific brain lesions are then investigated. Formation of New Spatiotemporal Representations. The brain's formation of new spatiotemporal representations after destruction of existing ones is investigated both through the analysis of the pattern of recovery of function in apraxic subjects and through study of the fractionation of the gesture acquisition process. Loss of Motor Equivalence in Apraxia. The consequences of the destruction of spatiotemporal representations of learned movement for the flexible control of behavior are explored by investigating the possible loss of motor equivalence in apraxic subjects. We hypothesize that apraxic subjects, but not subjects with right hemisphere lesions, will have lost the flexible control of motor behavior that motor equivalence entails. Computer Simulations of Apraxic Errors. The spatiotemporal representations of learned movement are computergraphically modeled, and the movement errors that apraxic subjects make simulated by 'lesioning' component processes in the model. In this manner, the control processes that may be disrupted in apraxia can be illuminated. By gaining insight into the nature of the representations of learned, skilled movement in the brain, new ways to compensate for their disruption by stroke or other forms of brain damage can be developed. These studies, taken as a whole, should provide unique insights into the basis of apraxia, the fractionation of spatiotemporal representations of learned, skilled movement following specific brain lesions, and into the specialized role of the left hemisphere for higher order motor control.

人的左大脑半球包含解剖结构 不仅专门用于语言，也专门用于高级运动 编程. 然而，在调查的性质的一个主要问题， 这种专门的运动控制系统一直是困难的， 获得三维空间中运动的客观测量。 为此，提议进行一系列调查，全部涉及三个人- 三维计算机图形建模和分析的神经障碍， 由于左半球功能不全而导致的运动（失用症） 系统 分析和模拟运动时序中的损伤， 空间关系和联合控制将提供独特的见解， 左大脑半球对学习的表征的性质， 熟练的动作。 调查沿着沿着四条路线进行， 咨询电话： 学习运动的神经表征的分数。 替代 失用症的基础模型进行了测试，重点放在假设 失用症是由于大脑中 学习到的动作储存在左半球。 的分馏 然后研究由于特定脑损伤引起的这些表征。 新时空表示的形成。 大脑的形成 新的时空表示后，现有的破坏， 通过对恢复模式的分析， 功能在apraactionist科目，并通过研究的分馏的 手势获取过程。 失用症中的运动等效性丧失。 破坏的后果 的时空表征的灵活性， 通过调查可能的损失， 无行为能力者的运动等效性。 我们假设， 受试者，但不是右半球病变的受试者，将失去 运动等效性所要求的对运动行为的灵活控制。 视准误差的计算机模拟 时空 所学习的运动的表示被计算机图形地建模，并且 通过“损伤”模拟无意识受试者的运动错误 模型中的组件。 以这种方式，控制过程 在失用症中可能会被破坏。 通过深入了解知识表征的本质， 大脑中熟练的运动，新的方法来补偿他们的干扰， 中风或其他形式的脑损伤可能会发展。 这些研究， 作为一个整体，应该提供独特的见解的基础， 失用症，学习的时空表征的分离， 熟练的运动后，特定的脑损伤，并进入 左半球在高级运动控制中的特殊作用。