A DICHOTOMOUS SAMPLER FOR TRIG AEROSOL AND VAPOR

用于触发气溶胶和蒸气的二分法采样器

• 批准号: 2277587
• 负责人: ROY J RANDO
• 金额: $ 9.85万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-02-01 至 1995-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2277587
• 关键词: aerosols; air filtration; air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; anthracenes; chemical synthesis; environmental air flow measurement; high performance liquid chromatography; isocyanates; mathematical model; method development; occupational hazard; occupational health /safety; piperazines; pollution related respiratory disorder; polyurethanes; reversed phase chromatography; statistics /biometry; tryptamines; vapor

The isocyanates are an important class of commercial chemicals used in the production of polyurethanes and certain pesticides. In addition, various forms of isocyanate compounds are emitted during the thermal decomposition of urethane materials. Isocyanates are documented sensitizers, causing occupational asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and accelerated annual decline in lung function. The compounds are characterized by a high degree of chemical reactivity, and some have a high for surfaces and relatively low vapor pressures at ambient temperatures. These properties result in a tendency for some isocyanates to partition into gaseous and particulate phases in the atmosphere. The physical state of the compound will affect its site of deposition/adsorption in the respiratory tract, as well as dictate the appropriate sampling techniques and engineering control methods. This project entails the development of a dichotomous sampler for total reactive isocyanate group (TRIG) vapor and particulate consisting of an annular diffusional denuder for collection of the vapor phase, backed up by a treated filter for collection of the condensed phase. Analysis of collected TRIG will be by HPLC. Three common derivatizing agents (methyamino-methylanthracene, methoxyphenyl-piperazine, tryptamine) will be evaluated for reliable determination of TRIG using a series of thirteen model isocyanate compounds. The reagent exhibiting the most consistent analytical response to the model isocyanates will be utilized in the dichotomous sampler. The sampler will be optimized in terms of its critical length and sampling flow rate, and its performance characteristics will be thoroughly evaluated using test atmospheres of aerosol and vapor phase isocyanate, and compared to impinger and filter sampling methods. The sampler will be used to characterize TRIG in workplace atmosphere at two polyurethane foam plants and two isocyanate manufacturing plants. This work will result in a more thorough understanding of the behavior of TRIG in the atmosphere, and will offer a powerful tool for future studies of the potential differences in the biological activities and behaviors of vapor and condensed phase isocyanate.

异氰酸酯是一类重要的商业化学品，用于 聚氨酯和某些农药的生产。此外， 热过程中会释放出各种形式的异氰酸酯化合物 聚氨酯材料的分解。异氰酸酯已记录在案 致敏剂，引起职业性哮喘、过敏性肺炎、 并加速肺功能的逐年下降。这些化合物是 其特点是具有高度的化学反应活性，有些具有 表面较高，环境蒸汽压相对较低 温度。这些特性导致某些异氰酸酯倾向于 将大气中的气相和颗粒相分开。这 化合物的物理状态会影响其位点 在呼吸道中的沉积/吸附，以及决定 适当的采样技术和工程控制方法。这 项目需要开发一个二分采样器，用于总 反应性异氰酸酯基团 (TRIG) 蒸气和颗粒由 用于收集气相的环形扩散扩散器，备用 通过经过处理的过滤器收集冷凝相。 分析 收集的TRIG将通过HPLC进行。 三种常见的衍生剂 （甲氨基甲基蒽、甲氧基苯基哌嗪、色胺） 使用一系列的方法来评估 TRIG 的可靠测定 十三种模型异氰酸酯化合物。表现最显着的试剂 将利用对模型异氰酸酯的一致分析响应 在二分采样器中。采样器将在以下方面进行优化 其临界长度和采样流量及其性能 特性将使用测试气氛进行彻底评估 气溶胶和气相异氰酸酯，以及与撞击器和过滤器的比较 抽样方法。采样器将用于表征 TRIG 两家聚氨酯泡沫工厂和两家异氰酸酯工厂的工作场所氛围 制造工厂。这项工作将带来更彻底的 了解 TRIG 在大气中的行为，并将提供 未来研究潜在差异的强大工具 气相和凝聚相的生物活性和行为 异氰酸酯。