A DICHOTOMOUS SAMPLER FOR TRIG AEROSOL AND VAPOR

用于触发气溶胶和蒸气的二分法采样器

• 批准号: 3420798
• 负责人: ROY J RANDO
• 金额: $ 11.12万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-02-01 至 1994-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3420798
• 关键词: aerosols; air filtration; air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; anthracenes; chemical synthesis; environmental air flow measurement; high performance liquid chromatography; isocyanates; mathematical model; method development; occupational hazard; occupational health /safety; piperazines; pollution related respiratory disorder; polyurethanes; reversed phase chromatography; statistics /biometry; tryptamines; vapor

The isocyanates are an important class of commercial chemicals used in the production of polyurethanes and certain pesticides. In addition, various forms of isocyanate compounds are emitted during the thermal decomposition of urethane materials. Isocyanates are documented sensitizers, causing occupational asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and accelerated annual decline in lung function. The compounds are characterized by a high degree of chemical reactivity, and some have a high for surfaces and relatively low vapor pressures at ambient temperatures. These properties result in a tendency for some isocyanates to partition into gaseous and particulate phases in the atmosphere. The physical state of the compound will affect its site of deposition/adsorption in the respiratory tract, as well as dictate the appropriate sampling techniques and engineering control methods. This project entails the development of a dichotomous sampler for total reactive isocyanate group (TRIG) vapor and particulate consisting of an annular diffusional denuder for collection of the vapor phase, backed up by a treated filter for collection of the condensed phase. Analysis of collected TRIG will be by HPLC. Three common derivatizing agents (methyamino-methylanthracene, methoxyphenyl-piperazine, tryptamine) will be evaluated for reliable determination of TRIG using a series of thirteen model isocyanate compounds. The reagent exhibiting the most consistent analytical response to the model isocyanates will be utilized in the dichotomous sampler. The sampler will be optimized in terms of its critical length and sampling flow rate, and its performance characteristics will be thoroughly evaluated using test atmospheres of aerosol and vapor phase isocyanate, and compared to impinger and filter sampling methods. The sampler will be used to characterize TRIG in workplace atmosphere at two polyurethane foam plants and two isocyanate manufacturing plants. This work will result in a more thorough understanding of the behavior of TRIG in the atmosphere, and will offer a powerful tool for future studies of the potential differences in the biological activities and behaviors of vapor and condensed phase isocyanate.

异氰酸酯是一类重要的商业化学品，用于 生产聚氨基甲酸酯和某些杀虫剂。此外, 在加热过程中会释放出各种形式的异氰酸酯化合物 氨基甲酸酯材料的分解。异氰酸酯记录在案 致敏剂，导致职业性哮喘，过敏性肺炎， 并加速了肺功能的每年下降。这些化合物是 以高度的化学反应为特征的，有些具有 表面较高，在环境中蒸汽压相对较低 温度。这些性质导致了一些异氰酸酯的倾向 在大气中分成气态和颗粒态。这个 化合物的物理状态将影响其位置 在呼吸道中的沉积/吸附，以及口令 适当的抽样技术和工程控制方法。这 该项目需要开发一种二分式采样器，用于 反应性异氰酸酯基团(TRIG)蒸气和颗粒，由 用于汽相收集的环形扩散管，支持 通过处理过的过滤器收集凝聚相。分析 收集的TRIG将通过高效液相色谱仪进行分析。三种常见的衍生化试剂 (甲氨基-甲基菲、甲氧基苯基哌嗪、色胺) 使用一系列的方法评估TRIG的可靠确定 十三种模型异氰酸酯化合物。展示最多的试剂 将利用对模型异氰酸酯的一致分析响应 在二分式取样器中。采样器将在以下方面进行优化 它的临界长度和采样流量及其性能 将使用以下测试气氛对特性进行彻底评估 气溶胶和气相异氰酸酯，并与撞击器和过滤器进行比较 抽样方法。采样器将用于表征Trig in 两家聚氨酯泡沫塑料工厂和两家异氰酸酯工厂的工作场所气氛 制造工厂。这项工作将导致更彻底的 了解TRIG在大气中的行为，并将提供 这是未来研究中潜在差异的有力工具 水蒸气和凝聚相的生物活性及行为 异氰酸酯。