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EMISSION FACTOR DEVELOPMENT FOR WORKPLACE SOURCES

工作场所源的排放因子开发

基本信息

批准号：
2277609
负责人：
RICHARD A WADDEN
金额：
$ 3.55万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1990-12-01 至 1994-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2277609
关键词：
air pollution air sampling /monitoring electrochemistry environmental air flow environmental air flow measurement environmental contamination environmental engineering environmental health heavy metals industry mathematical model model design /development nonwater solvent occupational hazard occupational health /safety work site

项目摘要

The conceptual thrust of this proposal is to develop a method for generalizing the design of engineering control of workplace hazards. In particular we propose to develop emission factors, based on field observations, for four types of commonly encountered, hazardous, open tank processes: degreasing (both vapor and cold cleaning processes) ; electroplating (chrome and nickel plating); offset printing; and wave soldering. The value of the emission factor approach is that the effect of the particular interior space in which the data are collected is removed. The factors will be developed from the area concentration pattern surrounding each device while production is taking place, using mathematical models describing a mass balance on the contaminant to transform this pattern for a particular source to an emission rate. To systematically describe the variability of emissions, the factors will be related to source activity, process conditions and equipment geometry. A total of 12 source tests will be carried out consisting of 12 1-hour sampling periods which will also include measurements of general and local exhaust ventilation. The results of this study will provide: A compilation of activity-based emission factors for Cr and Ni electroplating, vapor degreasing and cold cleaning, wave soldering, and offset printing; A measure of the variability in emissions which can be expected from such processes; Actual determinations, based on an emission mass balance, of control device performance for each of the processes studied; A generalized basis for estimating workplace concentrations from these types of sources; And a mass-balance basis for evaluating control design alternatives.

这项提议的概念主旨是开发一种方法来推广工作场所危险源工程控制设计。在……里面具体地说，我们建议根据现场情况制定排放系数。对四种常见的、危险的、敞开式储罐的观测工艺：脱脂(蒸汽和冷清洗工艺)；电镀(镀铬和镀镍)；胶印；和波纹焊接。排放系数法的价值在于，在其中收集数据的特定内部空间被移除。这个因素将从周围地区的集中度格局中发展出来生产过程中的每个设备，使用数学模型描述污染物上的质量平衡以转换该模式一个特定的污染源到一个排放率。为了系统地描述排放的可变性，这些因素将与源活动有关，工艺条件和设备几何形状。总共将进行12次源代码测试由12个1小时的抽样期组成，还将包括全面和局部排气通风的测量。这项研究的结果将提供：基于活动的汇编电镀铬镍、蒸气脱脂和冷镀的排放系数清洗、波峰焊接和胶印；可变性的测量实际的，实际的；实际的；实际的基于排放质量平衡的控制装置的测定所研究的每个过程的性能；广义基础根据这些类型的来源估计工作场所的浓度；以及用于评估控制设计备选方案的质量平衡基础。