EMISSION FACTOR DEVELOPMENT FOR WORKPLACE SOURCES

工作场所源的排放因子开发

• 批准号: 3420904
• 负责人: RICHARD A WADDEN
• 金额: $ 7.01万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-12-01 至 1993-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3420904
• 关键词: air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; electrochemistry; environmental air flow; environmental air flow measurement; environmental contamination; environmental engineering; environmental health; heavy metals; industry; mathematical model; model design /development; nonwater solvent; occupational hazard; occupational health /safety; work site

The conceptual thrust of this proposal is to develop a method for generalizing the design of engineering control of workplace hazards. In particular we propose to develop emission factors, based on field observations, for four types of commonly encountered, hazardous, open tank processes: degreasing (both vapor and cold cleaning processes) ; electroplating (chrome and nickel plating); offset printing; and wave soldering. The value of the emission factor approach is that the effect of the particular interior space in which the data are collected is removed. The factors will be developed from the area concentration pattern surrounding each device while production is taking place, using mathematical models describing a mass balance on the contaminant to transform this pattern for a particular source to an emission rate. To systematically describe the variability of emissions, the factors will be related to source activity, process conditions and equipment geometry. A total of 12 source tests will be carried out consisting of 12 1-hour sampling periods which will also include measurements of general and local exhaust ventilation. The results of this study will provide: A compilation of activity-based emission factors for Cr and Ni electroplating, vapor degreasing and cold cleaning, wave soldering, and offset printing; A measure of the variability in emissions which can be expected from such processes; Actual determinations, based on an emission mass balance, of control device performance for each of the processes studied; A generalized basis for estimating workplace concentrations from these types of sources; And a mass-balance basis for evaluating control design alternatives.

该提案的概念主旨是制定一种方法， 工作场所危险源工程控制设计的一般化。在 特别是，我们建议根据实地情况制定排放系数， 四种常见的、危险的、开放式储罐 工艺：清洗（蒸汽和冷清洗工艺）; 电镀（Chrome和镍电镀）;胶印;以及 焊接 排放因子方法的价值在于排放因子的影响 其中收集数据的特定内部空间被移除。的 因素将从周围的区域集中模式发展而来， 在生产过程中，使用数学模型 描述了污染物的质量平衡，以将该模式转换为 一个特定的源到一个排放率。为了系统地描述 排放量的可变性，这些因素将与源活动有关， 工艺条件和设备几何形状。总共12个源测试将 包括12个1小时的采样周期， 包括一般和局部排气通风测量。 这项研究的结果将提供： 铬和镍电镀、蒸汽电镀和冷电镀的排放因子 清洗、波峰焊和胶印.可变性的测量 预计可从这些过程中产生的排放量; 基于排放物质量平衡确定控制装置 性能的每一个过程的研究;一个广义的基础， 估计这些类型来源的工作场所浓度;以及 质量平衡的基础上评估控制设计的替代方案。