Selective photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to olefins: a feasibility study

CO2 选择性光催化转化为烯烃：可行性研究

• 批准号: EP/K029525/1
• 负责人: Adam Lee
• 金额: $ 31.96万
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FK029525%2F1
• 关键词: Selective; photocatalytic; conversion; CO2; olefins

The quest for sustainable resources to meet demands of a constantly rising global population is one of the main challenges for mankind this century. Worldwide concern over the impact of CO2 emissions on climate change means there is an urgent need to reduce our dependency on oil as a source of chemicals. Oil accounts for the vast majority of chemical feedstocks, however to be truly viable alternative feedstocks must be sustainable, that is "have the ability to meet 21st century energy needs without compromising those of future generations." The recent UK Fourth Carbon Budget set the ambitious target of a 50 % cut in CO2 emissions by 2025 compared with 1990 levels. CO2 utilisation as a chemical feedstock is a particularly attractive strategy to ameliorate carbon emissions while offering sustainable, safe and useful carbon capture. Current CO2 utilisation for chemical synthesis (principally urea) accounts for only 2 % of emitted CO2, but forecasts predict such approaches could mitigate 300-700 Mt (megatons) CO2 per year, far larger than the combined potential for CO2 abatement by nuclear, wind and cellulosic biofuel technologies (~50 Mt CO2 per year). Indeed the recent CS3 White Paper "A Sustainable Global Society" highlights photocatalytic CO2 conversion to chemicals as an area where comprehensive fundamental materials chemistry research is essential.Olefins and their polymers are the single largest chemical commodity in the world, with global ethene and propene production capacity in 2010 estimated to be 123 and 77 Mt/year respectively. Commercial ethene and propene manufacture from oil involves steam or catalytic cracking of naphtha, gasoil and condensates to hydrocarbon mixtures followed by distillation. Steam cracking is the most energy-consuming process in chemistry, accounting for 8% of the sector's primary energy use and annual CO2 emissions of 180-200 Mt! Photocatalytic CO2 reduction (PCR) offers a potentially economical and environmentally-benign CO2 utilisation process, facilitating long-term carbon entrainment within e.g. plastics and polymers, and the creation of new chemical supply chains free of current dependencies on oil, coal and natural gas.This feasibility study will develop novel photocatalysts critical to achieving the selective photoreduction of CO2 to ethene (i.e. 2CO2 + 2H2O -> C2H4 + 3O2), thereby underpinning resubmission of the TranSChem Programme Grant application that seeks to integrate such nanostructured inorganic photocatalysts with the exceptional light-harvesting properties of biological pigments, inside novel solar photoreactors for maximum process intensification of CO2 PCR to olefins.

寻求可持续资源以满足不断增长的全球人口的需求是本世纪人类面临的主要挑战之一。全世界对二氧化碳排放对气候变化的影响的担忧意味着，我们迫切需要减少对石油作为化学品来源的依赖。石油占化学原料的绝大多数，然而，要想真正可行，替代原料必须是可持续的，即“有能力在不损害子孙后代的情况下满足21世纪的能源需求”。最近的英国第四次碳预算设定了雄心勃勃的目标，即到2025年二氧化碳排放量比1990年减少50%。利用二氧化碳作为化学原料是一种特别有吸引力的战略，可以在提供可持续、安全和有用的碳捕获的同时减少碳排放。目前用于化学合成的二氧化碳利用率(主要是尿素)仅占二氧化碳排放量的2%，但预测这种方法每年可减少300-700吨二氧化碳，远远超过核能、风能和纤维素生物燃料技术减少二氧化碳的潜力总和(每年约50吨二氧化碳)。事实上，CS3最近的白皮书《一个可持续的全球社会》强调，光催化二氧化碳转化为化学品是一个全面的基础材料化学研究必不可少的领域。烯烃及其聚合物是世界上最大的单一化学品，2010年全球乙烯和丙烯生产能力估计分别为1.23亿吨/年和7700万吨/年。商业上从石油中生产乙烯和丙烯包括将石脑油、汽油和凝析油蒸汽或催化裂解成碳氢化合物混合物，然后进行蒸馏。蒸汽裂解是化学中最耗能的过程，占该行业一次能源使用量的8%，年二氧化碳排放量为180-200 Mt！光催化二氧化碳还原(PCR)提供了一种潜在的经济和环境友好的二氧化碳利用过程，促进了塑料和聚合物中的长期碳夹带，并创建了新的化学供应链，摆脱了目前对石油、煤炭和天然气的依赖。这项可行性研究将开发对实现二氧化碳选择性光还原为乙烯至关重要的新型光催化剂(即2CO2+2H2O-&GT；C2H4+3O2)，从而支持TranSChem计划拨款申请的重新提交，该申请旨在将这种纳米结构无机光催化剂与生物颜料的非凡捕光性能整合在新型太阳能光反应器中，最大限度地将CO2 PCR转化为烯烃的过程强化。

项目成果

Size-controlled TiO2 nanoparticles on porous hosts for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2015.12.004
• 发表时间: 2016-07-05
• 期刊: APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Jiang, Chaoran;Lee, Ki Yip;Tang, Junwang
• 通讯作者: Tang, Junwang

Hydroxyl radical generation by cactus-like copper oxide nanoporous carbon catalysts for microcystin-LR environmental remediation

• DOI: 10.1039/c5cy00888c
• 发表时间: 2016-01-01
• 期刊: CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Karthikeyan, S.;Dionysiou, Dionysios D.;Sekaran, G.
• 通讯作者: Sekaran, G.