The Deterrence of Deception in Socio-Technical Systems

社会技术系统中欺骗的威慑

• 批准号: EP/K033476/1
• 负责人: Ross Anderson
• 金额: $ 123.06万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FK033476%2F1
• 关键词: Deterrence; Deception; Socio; Technical; Systems

We have assembled a team of computer scientists and psychologists to do breakthrough research on deception. This is not just the basic problem at the heart of cyber-crime, but is central to human behaviour. Deception is the flip side of cooperation; as our ancestors evolved to cooperate in larger groups, so also we evolved the ability to deceive - and to detect deception in others. This includes the ability to deceive ourselves, which in turn helps us deceive others.The move of business and social life online is changing deception in many ways. Some of these are essentially mechanical: on the one hand it's easy for crooks to create good copies of bank websites, while on the other hand companies can collect and analyse ever more data to detect fraud. Other changes affect our behaviour; for example, as transactions become more impersonal, the inhibitions against cheating become less. It feels less wrong to defraud a website than to defraud a person, and as more commerce goes online, fraud is rising. There is a strong practical reason for finding ways of making transactions feel more personal again, and this is one aspect of our investigation.But there are much bigger and deeper issues. Existing deception research has almost all dealt with the static case of whether the experimental subject could tell whether another person was lying. The answer is "usually not"; we're not good at detecting people telling lies in the laboratory where the stakes are low and there is no interaction. We will move this to a new level by studying how we can deter deception in interactive contexts. We have a long list of ideas we want to test, by building a framework in which people play games in conditions with players who are mechanical, anonymous, partly identifiable or socially connected, and where players can cheat but not punish, punish but not cheat, or both. We will explore conditions where "cheating" subjects believe they are breaking social norms against conditions where deception is socially acceptable, such as bluffing in online poker. We will do experiments in online interviewing to explore the circumstances in which subjects can detect deception interactively. Another thread will be exploring the extent to which surveillance, by humans, by software or both, can act as a deterrent to cheating. Finally we will investigate how all this relates to the perception of privacy, so we can better understand what forms of fraud surveillance are acceptable as well as effective.The aim of our research is not merely to come up with better mechanisms and design principles for deterring deception at e-commerce websites, and indeed in social networks. It is to deepen our fundamental understanding of how deception works by exploring the different perspectives that online interaction creates, and allows us to manipulate. This will, at the level of basic science, enable us to understand better what it means to be human, and the potential for our humanity to be expressed, realised and developed in the complex socio-technical systems on which we are all coming to depend.

我们已经组建了一个计算机科学家和心理学家团队，以进行欺骗的突破性研究。这不仅是网络犯罪核心的基本问题，而且是人类行为的核心。欺骗是合作的另一面。随着我们的祖先演变为在较大的群体中合作，因此我们也发展了欺骗和检测他人欺骗的能力。这包括欺骗自己的能力，这反过来又有助于我们欺骗他人。在线商业和社交生活的举动在许多方面都在改变欺骗。其中一些本质上是机械的：一方面，骗子很容易创建良好的银行网站副本，而另一方面，公司可以收集和分析更多数据以检测欺诈。其他变化会影响我们的行为；例如，随着交易变得越来越非个人化，对作弊的抑制作用变得更少。欺骗网站的感觉不如欺骗一个人，而且随着更多的商业上网，欺诈行为正在上升。找到使交易再次感觉更个人化的方法是有一个强大的实际理由，这是我们调查的一个方面。但是，存在更大，更深的问题。现有的欺骗研究几乎都涉及一个静态案例，即实验主题是否可以告诉另一个人是否在撒谎。答案“通常不是”；我们不擅长检测人们在实验室中说谎的人，那里的赌注很低，没有相互作用。我们将通过研究如何在交互式环境中阻止欺骗的方式将其转移到一个新的水平。通过建立一个框架，我们有一系列要测试的想法清单，在该框架中，人们在与机械，匿名，部分可识别或社会联系的玩家中玩游戏，并且玩家可以作弊，但不能惩罚，惩罚，但不作弊或两者兼而有之。我们将探索“作弊”主题认为他们正在与欺骗在社会上可以接受的条件（例如在在线扑克中悬而未决的条件）打破社会规范的条件。我们将在在线访谈中进行实验，以探索受试者可以交互作用欺骗的情况。另一个线程将探讨人类通过软件或两者兼而有之的监视程度，可以阻止作弊。最后，我们将研究所有这些与隐私感的联系，因此我们可以更好地了解哪种形式的欺诈监视是可以接受的，并且有效。我们的研究的目的不仅是提出更好的机制和设计原则，以阻止对电子商务网站的欺骗，甚至在社交网络中。这是通过探索在线互动创造的不同观点并允许我们操纵我们对欺骗工作的基本理解。在基础科学层面上，这将使我们能够更好地理解成为人类的含义，以及在复杂的社会技术系统中表达，实现和发展我们的人类的潜力，我们都将依靠。

项目成果

Deception from Creation to Detection in the Online Auction Marketplace.

在线拍卖市场上的欺骗从产生到检测。

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Glass, B. D.

Deception in Online Auction Marketplaces: Incentives and Personality Shape Seller Honesty

在线拍卖市场中的欺骗行为：激励措施和个性塑造卖家的诚实度

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Glass, B. D.

Reading this may harm your computer: The psychology of malware warnings

阅读本文可能会损害您的计算机：恶意软件警告的心理学

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.014
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Computers in Human Behavior
• 影响因子: 9.9
• 作者: Modic D

Modelling Misrepresentation in Online Seller-Buyer Interactions.

在线卖家与买家互动中的虚假陈述建模。

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Glass, B. D.

The dark triad and willingness to commit insurance fraud

黑暗黑社会和进行保险欺诈的意愿

• DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2018.1469579
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Cogent Psychology
• 影响因子: 1.5
• 作者: Modic D