FAT AND FAT FREE BODY COMPOSITION IN OLDER MEN AND WOMEN

中老年人身体成分的准确估计 个人受到缺乏无脂肪身体(FFB)知识的限制 这个年龄段的作文。目前可用的技术是间接的 通常基于年轻人的FFB组成。当应用于 其他年龄组必须假定所有年龄组的FFB成分都是恒定的。 然而，骨矿物质含量和体内钾的减少 年龄的增加有很好的记录，有明确的和重要的 FFB密度的降低。有限的可用证据表明 水也会随着年龄的增长而减少。因此，恒定FFB的假设 不同组别的组成对老年人无效，以及 估计身体脂肪百分比的误差可能高达5% 当针对年轻人开发的方法应用于老年人时 人口。因此，拟议研究的目的将是 久坐和运动的脱脂人体成分的量化 这样就可以更准确地估计身体成分 为这些年龄段的人开发了密度测量等方法， 水文测量、人体测量和全身电阻抗。二 140名年龄在40岁到80岁之间的男性和女性将接受测试 三年了。久坐和活动的受试者都将被研究以进行测试 假设活动史，除了年龄和性别，是一种 身体成分的重要决定因素。所有受试者都将被测量 对于身体总水分、骨矿含量、身体密度，选择 皮褶和人体尺寸，以及全身电学 阻抗。将使用单项和双项方法测量骨矿含量 前臂四个部位的光子吸收测量法， 脊柱和股骨提供了比以前更好的矿物质估计 已经获得了。受试者将按年龄、性别和体格进行分组 活跃度，并对数据进行组间差异分析。多重 将建立回归预测方程，用于估计脂肪和 不含脂肪的身体强调身体水分的多组分方法， 矿物质含量和体密度作为重要成分。此外，使用 了解脱脂身体的水分和矿物质含量，脱脂身体 密度可以估计，使改进的两个 由体密度估测体脂的分量方程和 中老年人群皮褶与体密度关系的研究 人口。这一结果将具有重要的临床和领域意义。 在与营养评估有关的不同领域中的应用 关于健康和健身的流行病学调查以及研究 身体成分和机能的调查研究 中老年男女。

Accurate estimation of body composition in middle-aged and elderly individuals is limited by a lack of knowledge of the fat free body (FFB) composition in this age group. Currently available techniques are indirect and usually based on FFB composition of young adults. When applied to other age groups a constant FFB composition in all groups must be assumed. However, reductions in bone mineral content and body potassium with increasing age are well documented, with concommitant and significant reductions in FFB density. The limited available evidence suggests body water also declines with age. Consequently, the assumption of constant FFB composition in different groups is invalid for the older population, and errors of estimation of percent body fat as high as five percent can occur when methods developed on young adults are applied to the older population. Hence, the purpose of the proposed research will be to quantify the fat free body composition of sedentary and physically active men and women so that more accurate estimates of body composition can be developed for these age groups for such methods as densitometry, hydrometry, anthropometry, and total body electrical impedance. Two hundred and forty men and women, aged 40-80 years, will be tested over three years. Both sedentary and active subjects will be studied to test the hypothesis that activity history, in addition to age and gender, is an important determinant of body composition. All subjects will be measured for total body water, bone mineral content, body density, selected skinfolds and anthropometric dimensions, and total body electrical impedance. Bone mineral content will be measured using single and dual photon absorptiometry with measurements made at four sites on the forearm, spine and femur giving a better estimate of mineral than has previously been obtained. The subjects will be grouped by age, gender and physical activity level, and the data analyzed for group differences. Multiple regression prediction equations will be developed for estimation of fat and fat free body emphasizing a multiple component approach with body water, mineral content and body density as important components. Also, with knowledge of the fat free body water and mineral content, fat free body density may be estimated, making possible the development of improved two component equations for estimation of body fat from body density and the skinfold-body density relationship in the middle-aged and older populations. The results will have important clinical and field application in diverse areas concerned with nutritional assessment and epidemiological investigation of health and fitness, as well as research studies investigating body composition and functional capacity of middle-aged and older men and women.