FAT AND FAT FREE BODY COMPOSITION IN OLDER MEN AND WOMEN

老年男性和女性的脂肪和无脂肪身体成分

• 批准号: 3453045
• 负责人: Scott B Going
• 金额: $ 7.65万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-05-01 至 1992-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3453045
• 关键词: body composition; body physical activity; body physical characteristic; body water; densitometry; electrical impedance; fat body; female; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; infrared spectrometry; male; physical fitness

Accurate estimation of body composition in middle-aged and elderly individuals is limited by a lack of knowledge of the fat free body (FFB) composition in this age group. Currently available techniques are indirect and usually based on FFB composition of young adults. When applied to other age groups a constant FFB composition in all groups must be assumed. However, reductions in bone mineral content and body potassium with increasing age are well documented, with concommitant and significant reductions in FFB density. The limited available evidence suggests body water also declines with age. Consequently, the assumption of constant FFB composition in different groups is invalid for the older population, and errors of estimation of percent body fat as high as five percent can occur when methods developed on young adults are applied to the older population. Hence, the purpose of the proposed research will be to quantify the fat free body composition of sedentary and physically active men and women so that more accurate estimates of body composition can be developed for these age groups for such methods as densitometry, hydrometry, anthropometry, and total body electrical impedance. Two hundred and forty men and women, aged 40-80 years, will be tested over three years. Both sedentary and active subjects will be studied to test the hypothesis that activity history, in addition to age and gender, is an important determinant of body composition. All subjects will be measured for total body water, bone mineral content, body density, selected skinfolds and anthropometric dimensions, and total body electrical impedance. Bone mineral content will be measured using single and dual photon absorptiometry with measurements made at four sites on the forearm, spine and femur giving a better estimate of mineral than has previously been obtained. The subjects will be grouped by age, gender and physical activity level, and the data analyzed for group differences. Multiple regression prediction equations will be developed for estimation of fat and fat free body emphasizing a multiple component approach with body water, mineral content and body density as important components. Also, with knowledge of the fat free body water and mineral content, fat free body density may be estimated, making possible the development of improved two component equations for estimation of body fat from body density and the skinfold-body density relationship in the middle-aged and older populations. The results will have important clinical and field application in diverse areas concerned with nutritional assessment and epidemiological investigation of health and fitness, as well as research studies investigating body composition and functional capacity of middle-aged and older men and women.

准确估算中老年人身体成分 个人因缺乏对无脂体 (FFB) 的了解而受到限制 这个年龄段的构成。 目前可用的技术是间接的 通常基于年轻人的 FFB 成分。 当应用于 对于其他年龄组，必须假设所有组中的 FFB 组成都是恒定的。 然而，骨矿物质含量和体内钾的减少 年龄的增长有据可查，伴随且显着 FFB 密度降低。 有限的可用证据表明身体 水也会随着年龄的增长而减少。 因此，恒定 FFB 的假设 不同群体的组成对于老年人口来说是无效的，并且 身体脂肪百分比的估计误差可能高达百分之五 当针对年轻人开发的方法应用于老年人时 人口。 因此，拟议研究的目的是 量化久坐和体力活动的无脂肪身体成分 男性和女性，以便更准确地估计身体成分 为这些年龄组开发了密度测定法等方法， 流体测量学、人体测量学和全身电阻抗。 二 一百四十名年龄在 40 至 80 岁之间的男性和女性将接受测试 三年。 久坐和活跃的受试者都将被研究以测试 假设除了年龄和性别之外，活动史也是一个因素 身体成分的重要决定因素。 所有科目都将被测量 身体水分总量、骨矿物质含量、身体密度，选定 皮褶和人体测量尺寸，以及全身电气 阻抗。 骨矿物质含量将使用单和双测量 光子吸收测定法在前臂的四个部位进行测量， 脊柱和股骨可以比以前更好地估计矿物质 已获得。 受试者将按年龄、性别和身体状况进行分组 活动水平，以及分析组差异的数据。 多种的 将开发回归预测方程来估计脂肪和 无脂肪身体强调体内水分的多成分方法， 矿物质含量和身体密度作为重要组成部分。 另外，与 无脂身体水和矿物质含量的知识，无脂身体 可以估计密度，从而可以开发改进的两种 根据身体密度估算身体脂肪的分量方程 中老年人皮褶与身体密度的关系 人口。 该成果将具有重要的临床和领域意义 在营养评估和相关领域的应用 健康和健身的流行病学调查以及研究 研究调查身体成分和功能能力 中老年男性和女性。