FAT AND FAT FREE BODY COMPOSITION IN OLDER MEN AND WOMEN

老年男性和女性的脂肪和无脂肪身体成分

• 批准号: 3453042
• 负责人: Scott B Going
• 金额: $ 7.91万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-05-01 至 1992-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3453042
• 关键词: body composition; body physical activity; body physical characteristic; body water; densitometry; electrical impedance; fat body; female; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; infrared spectrometry; male; physical fitness

Accurate estimation of body composition in middle-aged and elderly individuals is limited by a lack of knowledge of the fat free body (FFB) composition in this age group. Currently available techniques are indirect and usually based on FFB composition of young adults. When applied to other age groups a constant FFB composition in all groups must be assumed. However, reductions in bone mineral content and body potassium with increasing age are well documented, with concommitant and significant reductions in FFB density. The limited available evidence suggests body water also declines with age. Consequently, the assumption of constant FFB composition in different groups is invalid for the older population, and errors of estimation of percent body fat as high as five percent can occur when methods developed on young adults are applied to the older population. Hence, the purpose of the proposed research will be to quantify the fat free body composition of sedentary and physically active men and women so that more accurate estimates of body composition can be developed for these age groups for such methods as densitometry, hydrometry, anthropometry, and total body electrical impedance. Two hundred and forty men and women, aged 40-80 years, will be tested over three years. Both sedentary and active subjects will be studied to test the hypothesis that activity history, in addition to age and gender, is an important determinant of body composition. All subjects will be measured for total body water, bone mineral content, body density, selected skinfolds and anthropometric dimensions, and total body electrical impedance. Bone mineral content will be measured using single and dual photon absorptiometry with measurements made at four sites on the forearm, spine and femur giving a better estimate of mineral than has previously been obtained. The subjects will be grouped by age, gender and physical activity level, and the data analyzed for group differences. Multiple regression prediction equations will be developed for estimation of fat and fat free body emphasizing a multiple component approach with body water, mineral content and body density as important components. Also, with knowledge of the fat free body water and mineral content, fat free body density may be estimated, making possible the development of improved two component equations for estimation of body fat from body density and the skinfold-body density relationship in the middle-aged and older populations. The results will have important clinical and field application in diverse areas concerned with nutritional assessment and epidemiological investigation of health and fitness, as well as research studies investigating body composition and functional capacity of middle-aged and older men and women.

中老年人体成分的准确估计 由于缺乏对无脂肪体（FFB）的了解， 这个年龄段的组成。 目前可用的技术是间接 并且通常基于年轻成年人的FFB组成。 当应用于 其他年龄组，必须假设所有年龄组的FFB组成不变。 然而，骨矿物质含量和体内钾的减少， 年龄的增长是有据可查的， FFB密度降低。 有限的证据表明 水也随着年龄的增长而减少。 因此，恒定FFB的假设 不同群体的组成对老年人口无效， 可能会出现高达百分之五的体脂百分比估计误差 当在年轻人身上开发的方法应用于老年人时， 人口 因此，拟议研究的目的将是 量化久坐和体力活动的无脂肪身体成分 男性和女性，以便更准确地估计身体成分， 为这些年龄组开发的密度测定法， 液体比重测定法、人体测量法和全身电阻抗。 两 40名年龄在40-80岁之间的男性和女性将接受测试， 三年 久坐和活动的受试者都将被研究以测试 假设活动历史，除了年龄和性别，是一个 身体组成的重要决定因素。 所有受试者将接受测量 对于总身体水分，骨矿物质含量，身体密度，选择 皮肤褶皱和人体测量尺寸，以及全身电 阻抗 骨矿物质含量将使用单和双 在前臂上的四个位置进行测量的光子吸收测定法， 脊椎和股骨提供了比以前更好的矿物质估计 得出了 受试者将按年龄、性别和身体状况分组。 活动水平，并对数据进行组间差异分析。 多 回归预测方程将被开发用于估计脂肪和 无脂肪身体强调身体水分的多组分方法， 矿物质含量和身体密度作为重要组成部分。 再加上 了解无脂肪身体的水和矿物质含量，无脂肪身体 密度可以估计，使改进的两个发展成为可能， 从体密度估计体脂肪的分量方程和 中老年皮褶厚度与体密度的关系 人口。 其研究结果将具有重要的临床意义和应用价值 适用于与营养评估有关的各个领域， 健康和健身的流行病学调查，以及研究 研究调查的身体组成和功能的能力， 中年人和老年人。