STEREOTYPES OF THE ELDERLY AND COMMUNICATION

对老年人的刻板印象与沟通

• 批准号: 3453502
• 负责人: MARY L. HUMMERT
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-08-01 至 1996-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3453502
• 关键词: age difference; attitude; behavior; bias; cognition; communication behavior; conditioning; cues; face expression; functional ability; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; impression; instinct; judgment; language; perception; personality; photography; prejudice; psychological identification; questionnaires; speech; university student; videotape /videodisc; voice; young adult human (21-34)

The proposed research will: (1) investigate age differences in the structure of concepts underlying stereotypes of the elderly; (2) outline the relationship between stereotypes of the elderly and communication with elderly individuals; and (3) identify the activation cues for specific stereotypes of the elderly. 1. Age differences in the structure of concepts underlying stereotypes of the elderly. The relationship of age group (young, middle-aged, elderly) to stereotypes of the elderly will be investigated. It is expected that there will be some gross similarities among the stereotypes held by all three age groups, but that these similarities will be over-shadowed by differences in the structure of the concepts underlying the stereotypes held by the different age groups. 2. Relationship between stereotypes of the elderly and communication with the elderly. The ways in which stereotypes of the elderly affect communication behavior will be studied. It is hypothesized that negative stereotypes will be more likely to elicit patronizing speech than will be more pronounced with young than with middle-aged, and with middle-aged than with elderly informants. 3. Activation cues for specific stereotypes of the elderly. This project will examine the role of central traits and their related behaviors, physiognomic characteristics, and context in the activation of the stereotypes in interaction. It is hypothesized that the external cues (context and physiognomic) will be sufficient to activate negative stereotypes, whereas trait information will be required to activate positive stereotypes. In addition, the ways in which the activation cues interact with informant age, quality of contact with the elderly, and cognitive complexity will be examined. It is hypothesized that youth, low quality contact, and low cognitive complexity will be related to increased reliance on external cues, and, thus, a tendency to activate negative stereotypes, even in the presence of trait information which suggests a positive stereotype.

本研究将：（1）调查年龄差异， 老年人定型观念的概念结构;（2）概述 对老年人的刻板印象与沟通的关系 老年人;（3）识别特定的激活线索 老年人的刻板印象。 1. 性别陈规定型观念背后的概念结构的年龄差异 老人 年龄组（青年、中年、老年）的关系 将对老年人的陈规定型观念进行调查。 预计在 所有人所持有的刻板印象之间会有一些明显的相似之处， 三个年龄组，但这些相似之处将被掩盖， 陈规定型观念背后的概念结构的差异 由不同的年龄组。 2. 老年人的刻板印象与沟通的关系 老人 对老年人的刻板印象如何影响 将研究沟通行为。 据推测，负 刻板印象将更有可能引发屈尊俯就的言论，而不是 年轻人比中年人更明显，中年人比中年人更明显。 年长的线人 3. 老年人特定刻板印象的激活线索。 这个项目 将研究中心特质及其相关行为的作用， 外貌特征，以及激活的背景， 互动中的刻板印象。 据推测，外部线索 （上下文和外貌）将足以激活消极的 刻板印象，而特质信息将需要激活 正面的刻板印象 此外，激活提示的方式 与被调查者年龄的互动，与老年人接触的质量， 认知的复杂性将被检验。 据推测，青年，低 高质量的接触，和低认知复杂性将相关的增加 依赖于外部线索，因此，倾向于激活消极的 刻板印象，即使在存在的特质信息，这表明 正面的刻板印象