权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Sustainable Manufacturing of Transparent Conducting Oxide (TCO) Inks and Thin Films

透明导电氧化物 (TCO) 油墨和薄膜的可持续制造

基本信息

批准号：
EP/L017709/1
负责人：
Claire Jane Carmalt
金额：
$ 290.67万
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FL017709%2F1
关键词：
Sustainable Manufacturing Transparent Conducting Oxide

项目摘要

This project seeks to develop processes and resources towards sustainable and inexpensive high quality transparent conducting oxide (TCO) films (and printed tracks) on float glass, plastics and steel. In particular replacement materials for Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and F-doped Tin Oxide (FTO). These materials are used in low-e window coatings (>£5B pa), computers, phones and PV devices. The current electronics market alone is worth in excess of £0.9 Trillion and every tablet PC uses ca 3g of tin. Indium is listed as a critical element- available in limited amounts often in unstable geopolitical areas. Tin metal has had the biggest rise in price of any metal consecutively in the last four years (valued at >£30K per ton) and indium is seen as one of the most difficult to source elements. In this project we will develop sustainable upscaled routes to TCO materials from precursors containing earth abundant elements (titanium, aluminium, zinc) with equivalent or better figures of merit to existing TCOs. Our method uses Aerosol assisted (AA) CVD to develop large scale coatings and developing new manufacturing approach to printed TCOs using highly uniform nanoparticle dispersions. AACVD has not been upscaled- although the related Atmospheric pressure (AP) CVD is widely used industrially. APCVD was developed in the UK (Pilkington now NSG) for commercial window coating methods- and in the UK glass industry supports >5000 jobs in the supply chain. Our challenge is to take our known chemistry and develop the underpinning science to demonstrate scale up routes to large area coatings. This will include pilot scale AACVD, nanoparticle dispersions and inks. Common precursor sets will be utilized in all the techniques. Our focus will be to ensure that the UK maintains a world-leading capability in the manufacturing of and with sustainable TCOs. This will be achieved by delivering two new scale up pathways one based on AACVD- for large area coatings and inks and dispersions for automotive and PC use.We will use known and sustainable metal containing precursors to deposit TCOs that do not involve rare elements (e.g. based on Ti, Zn, Al). Key issues will be (1) taking the existing aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) process from small lab scale to a large pilot lab scale reactor (TRL3) and (2) developing a new approach to TCOs from transparent nanoparticle dispersions synthesized in a continuous hydrothermal flow systems (CHFS) reactor using an existing EPSRC funded pilot plant process (kg/h scale). Nano-dispersions will be formulated for use by the rest of the team, in jet and screen printing, advanced microwave processing and TCO application testing. Industry partners will provide engineering support, guidance on the aerosol transport issues, scale up and dynamic coating trials (Pilkington now NSG), jet and screen printing on glass (Xaar, Akzo Nobel, CPI) and use the TCO targets for Magnetron Sputtering of thin films on plastics (Teer Coatings). The two strands will be overseen by Life-cycle modelling and cost benefit analyses to take a holistic approach to the considerations of energy, materials consumption and waste and, in consultation with key stakeholders and policy makers, identify best approaches to making improvement or changes, e.g. accounting for environmental legislation in nanomaterials, waste disposal or recyclability of photovoltaics. We believe there is a real synergy of having two strands as they are linked by common scale up manufacturing issues and use similar process chemistries and precursors.

该项目旨在开发工艺和资源，在浮法玻璃、塑料和钢铁上实现可持续和廉价的高质量透明导电氧化物（TCO）薄膜（和印刷轨道）。特别是用于氧化铟锡（ITO）和掺F氧化锡（FTO）的替代材料。这些材料用于低辐射窗户涂料（每年超过50亿英镑），计算机，电话和光伏设备。目前的电子市场仅价值超过0.9万亿英镑，每台平板电脑使用约3克锡。铟被列为一种关键元素-通常在不稳定的地缘政治地区数量有限。在过去四年中，锡金属的价格连续上涨幅度最大（每吨价值超过3万英镑），铟被视为最难获得的元素之一。在这个项目中，我们将开发可持续的升级路线，从含有地球丰富元素（钛，铝，锌）的前体到TCO材料，具有与现有TCO相当或更好的品质因数。我们的方法使用气溶胶辅助（AA）CVD来开发大规模涂层，并开发使用高度均匀的纳米颗粒分散体来印刷TCO的新制造方法。AACVD尚未升级-尽管相关的大气压（AP）CVD在工业上得到广泛应用。APCVD是在英国（Pilkington现在的NSG）开发的，用于商业窗户涂层方法-在英国玻璃行业支持供应链中的5000多个工作岗位。我们面临的挑战是利用我们已知的化学和发展基础科学，以证明大面积涂层的规模扩大路线。这将包括中试规模的AACVD，纳米粒子分散体和油墨。所有技术都将使用共同的前体集。我们的重点将是确保英国在可持续TCO的制造和使用方面保持世界领先的能力。这将通过提供两种新的放大途径来实现，一种是基于AACVD的大面积涂料和油墨，另一种是用于汽车和PC的分散体。我们将使用已知的可持续金属前体来沉积不含稀有元素（例如基于Ti，Zn，Al）的存款TCO。关键问题将是（1）将现有的气溶胶辅助化学气相沉积（AACVD）工艺从小型实验室规模转化为大型中试实验室规模反应器（TRL3），以及（2）开发一种新的TCO方法，该方法使用现有的EPSRC资助的中试工厂工艺（kg/h规模），从在连续水热流系统（CHFS）反应器中合成的透明纳米颗粒分散体中获得TCO。纳米乳液将被配制成供团队的其他成员使用，用于喷射和丝网印刷、先进的微波加工和TCO应用测试。行业合作伙伴将提供工程支持、气溶胶传输问题指导、规模扩大和动态涂层试验（Pilkington现为NSG）、玻璃上的喷射和丝网印刷（Xaar、Akzo Nobel、CPI），并将TCO靶用于塑料上的薄膜磁控溅射（Teer Coatings）。这两个方面将通过生命周期建模和成本效益分析进行监督，以便对能源、材料消耗和废物的考虑采取全面的方法，并与主要利益攸关方和政策制定者协商，确定进行改进或改变的最佳方法，例如对纳米材料、废物处置或光化学品的可回收性的环境立法进行核算。我们相信，两条链之间存在真实的协同作用，因为它们通过共同的规模化生产问题联系在一起，并使用类似的工艺化学品和前体。