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Water Energy Food: STEPPING UP

水能量食品：加强

基本信息

批准号：
EP/N00583X/1
负责人：
Alice Larkin
金额：
$ 179.5万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FN00583X%2F1
关键词：
Water Energy Food STEPPING UP

项目摘要

More and more people agree that current systems of water, energy and food provision are on an unsustainable course. Policy and decision makers are concerned that overuse of land, high levels of emissions, increasing inequality, unhealthy diets, more frequent extreme weather events and other challenges, threaten food, energy and water availability and security and place pressure on the economy. Moreover, with targets to cut carbon emissions and climate change impacts elevating uncertainty over how resilient our food, water and energy systems are, stakeholders from industry, government, and civil society, are looking for support and help to make 'good' decisions. Typically, options for solving problems facing the food, water or energy sectors are assessed in isolation; e.g. exploring how to meet energy needs, whilst overlooking the implications for water use, or setting targets to change land-use, ignoring knock-on impacts for agriculture, water and energy. This 'siloed' mindset is unable to grasp interconnections between these systems, or explore the benefits or trade-offs apparent when exploring one or another issue. Whilst governance structures struggle to take more of a rounded, systems view, there exist real examples in the UK of low impact across water, food and energy systems - at the 'nexus' of Water-Energy-Food (WEF). These examples can be found operating at many scales - from household, community or small business, up to local authorities, catchment areas or large corporations. Although there are important technical reasons why any particular example succeeds, there are many other things that are important for innovation. It could be an unusual system for buying something, such as online marketplaces like the Gleaning Network, that offers farmers and consumers a way of bypassing conventional food supply networks. It could also be because of an inspirational leader or team of committed people.Understanding what makes innovations have low-impact at the WEF nexus is the first aim of our project. The second is to find out if it is possible to reproduce the conditions for a low-impact WEF nexus at a larger scale, replicate them in other situations, or proliferate them more widely at a smaller scale. Amplifying or multiplying 'good practice' in this way is believed to have the potential to deliver a step-change in terms of impact and resource use. We will also dig deeper into the power structures, behaviours and other important components of governance that can lead to a transformation.To achieve our aims, we bring together a team with expertise across water, food and energy with physical science, engineering and social science backgrounds. This team will build models of a few case studies that have achieved low-impact across the WEF nexus. These models will not only capture physical attributes such as the source of electricity or food supply chain, but also be able to model how governance, power and behaviour have influence. By considering what might change over time - e.g. rainfall - the model will not only test if an innovation can operate at another scale, but also if it works under changing conditions. The data gathered will involve building solid relationships with stakeholders involved with our case studies, as well as a wider set of policy and decision makers. These stakeholders will be involved directly in the research through workshops and interviews. They will also have an opportunity to work with researchers to build a tool that uses both the findings from the modelling exercise and stakeholder views, to provide assistance with strategic decision making of relevance at different scales. The research will deliver a package of robust numerical and descriptive insights alongside a formal decision support tool and findings will be shared widely with academic as well as government, industry and civil society audiences.

越来越多的人认为，目前的水、能源和粮食供应系统是不可持续的。政策制定者和决策者感到关切的是，过度使用土地、高排放、不平等加剧、不健康的饮食、更频繁的极端天气事件和其他挑战威胁到粮食、能源和水的供应和安全，并对经济造成压力。此外，随着减少碳排放和气候变化影响的目标增加了对我们的食品，水和能源系统的弹性的不确定性，来自工业，政府和民间社会的利益相关者正在寻求支持和帮助，以做出“好”的决策。通常情况下，解决粮食、水或能源部门面临的问题的备选方案是孤立地评估的;例如，探讨如何满足能源需求，而忽视对用水的影响，或制定改变土地使用的目标，而忽视对农业、水和能源的连锁影响。这种“孤立”的心态无法把握这些系统之间的相互联系，或者在探索一个或另一个问题时探索明显的好处或权衡。虽然治理结构努力采取更全面的系统观点，但在联合王国，在水-能源-食品（WEF）的“纽带”上，存在着对水、食品和能源系统影响较小的真实的例子。这些例子可以在许多规模上运作-从家庭、社区或小企业到地方当局、集水区或大公司。尽管任何一个例子的成功都有重要的技术原因，但还有许多其他因素对创新也很重要。这可能是一个不寻常的购买系统，比如像Gleaning Network这样的在线市场，为农民和消费者提供了一种绕过传统食品供应网络的方式。这也可能是因为一个鼓舞人心的领导者或一个由忠诚的人组成的团队。了解是什么让创新在世界经济论坛的关系中产生低影响是我们项目的首要目标。第二个目标是找出是否有可能在更大范围内复制低影响力世界经济论坛关系的条件，在其他情况下复制它们，或者在更小范围内更广泛地扩散它们。据信，以这种方式扩大或增加“良好做法”有可能在影响和资源使用方面带来重大变化。我们还将深入研究权力结构、行为和其他可能导致转型的治理重要组成部分。为了实现我们的目标，我们汇集了一个拥有物理科学、工程学和社会科学背景的水、食品和能源专业知识的团队。该团队将建立一些案例研究的模型，这些案例研究在世界经济论坛关系中的影响力很低。这些模型不仅能够捕捉电力来源或食品供应链等物理属性，还能够模拟治理、权力和行为如何产生影响。通过考虑可能随时间变化的因素（例如降雨量），该模型不仅将测试创新是否可以在另一个规模上运作，而且还将测试它是否在不断变化的条件下运作。收集的数据将涉及与参与我们案例研究的利益相关者以及更广泛的政策和决策者建立牢固的关系。这些利益攸关方将通过讲习班和访谈直接参与研究。他们还将有机会与研究人员合作，建立一个工具，利用建模工作的结果和利益攸关方的意见，为不同规模的相关战略决策提供帮助。该研究将提供一套强大的数字和描述性见解以及正式的决策支持工具，研究结果将与学术界以及政府，行业和民间社会广泛分享。