NONINVASIVE TEST FOR LEAD EXPOSURE AND IRON DEFICIENCY

环境和职业暴露于铅的大量 有铅中毒风险的儿童和成人。因为中枢神经 铅的系统毒性可能是不可逆的，其可取的筛查 处于铅吸收增加风险的人群，以便检测 否则就是无症状中毒。血药浓度升高的测定 红细胞中的锌原卟啉(ZPP)多年来一直被用作 铅暴露的初步筛查程序。ZPP也升高了，而且 对诊断有用，对缺铁有帮助。筛选的后勤工作将 如果可以开发出一种非侵入性技术，它将被简化 在体内测量红细胞ZPP，不需要血样。一个 为此目的设计的光电设备将接受测试；它使用 经皮激发ZPP荧光的绿光，以及 根据绿色、黄色和红色确定皮下血量 反射率测量，根据以下比率得出血液ZPP水平 ZPP荧光和血容量的测量。流式细胞术将是 用来研究ZPP荧光在个体中的分布 红血球。

Environmental and occupational exposure to lead place large numbers of children and adults at risk of lead poisoning. Because the central nervous system toxicity of lead may be irreversible, its is desirable to screen populations at risk for increased lead absorption in order to detect otherwise asymptomatic poisoning. The determination of elevated levels of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) in erythrocytes has been used for some years as a primary screening procedure for lead exposure. ZPP is also elevated, and useful in diagnosis, in iron deficiency. The logistics of screening would be simplified if a noninvasive technique could be developed which would measure erythrocyte ZPP in vivo without the need for a blood sample. An electro-optical device designed for this purpose will be tested; it uses green light for transcutaneous excitation of ZPP fluorescence, and determines the volume of subcutaneous blood from green, yellow, and red reflectance measurements, deriving a blood ZPP level from the ratio of measurements of ZPP fluorescence and blood volume. Flow cytometry will be used to investigate distributions of ZPP fluorescence in individual erythrocytes.