权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Surface Engineering Solid State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

表面工程固态染料敏化太阳能电池

基本信息

批准号：
EP/P030068/1
负责人：
Peter James Holliman
金额：
$ 43.97万
依托单位：
Swansea University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FP030068%2F1
关键词：
Surface Engineering Solid State Dye

项目摘要

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) can be described as a form of "artificial photosynthesis" because, in both cases, light is harvested by a pigment (chlorophyll in photosynthesis or a synthetic dye in DSC). This is interesting because photosynthesis is ~5% efficient in terms of the incident light energy (i.e. photons) captured to the energy in the photosynthetic by-products. Despite this apparently low efficiency, photosynthesis has supported the planet's biosphere for aeons. One reason for this is the huge amount of sunlight which reaches the Earth's surface every day. This has been estimated to be ~6,000x more than annual global energy consumption despite the growing global population using huge amounts of energy. Given that the sun will last for billions more years, sunlight is vastly more abundant than any other energy source currently available. In this context, if we use 10% efficient PV, using only 0.2% of the Earth's surface would meet energy demands whilst releasing only trace greenhouse gases during production and none during operation. This will slow the accelerating pace of fossil fuel related climate change.Whilst PV uptake has increased hugely recently (~11GW in UK and >225GW globally), this still represents a tiny fraction of current energy demand; the question is why? Crystalline Si PV currently dominates the market (~90%) but is heavy, rigid and is usually made from batch-like processes into limited product forms (rectangular, encapsulated, glass panels). And despite these products being available for many years, they are still bolted onto frames attached onto existing roofs with wires often running across open roof-space. They do not fit, they are a "bolt-on" solution.This research will develop PV which can be printed by continuous (roll-to-roll, R2R) processing. Because R2R is faster than batch processing, it will reduce manufacturing costs but increase the amount of product which can be made. R2R product can also be made to any length or width which will revolutionise PV product form. Perhaps most importantly, by varying the PV substrate, this will enable PV to be fully integrated into roof/wall panels or windows. This will drastically reduce installation and balance of systems costs (i.e. PV panel mounting system, DC/AC power inverters, wiring, switches, battery storage) which make up almost half of the cost of most PV installations. DSC technology is already in commercial production (www.gcell.co.uk) and is already known to be suitable for R2R processing. In addition, DSC raw materials are non-toxic and abundant. Whilst DSC device lifetimes >25,000h have been reported (equivalent to ~25y operation), the liquid electrolytes used can leak and are corrosive to some metals which increases substrate costs. This proposal will exchange this liquid electrolyte for a solid, charge carrier to make solid state DSC (ssDSC) devices to avoid these issues. Whilst ssDSC have been made before, it has been difficult to control their construction because this involves depositing 2 thin layers of different chemicals onto porous metal oxide particles in a porous film. The resulting inconsistent layer coverage causes energy losses which limits device efficiency. To overcome this, we will use self-assembling molecules and computer modelling to explore surface chemistry/structure to speed-up the research. Thus, we will design dyes and charge carriers to behave like "self-parking cars in a car park" and move to the correct position before fixing themselves in place. Then, by controlling the self-assembly process, we will add multiple dyes into the device to increase light harvesting to improve device efficiency to reduce pay-back times; i.e. the time when the customer has saved enough money on their energy bills to pay off the system purchase costs. By combining computer modelling and experiment, we will cut design to manufacture times up to 10-fold by reducing the number of material modification cycles required.

染料敏化太阳能电池（DSC）可以被描述为“人工光合作用”的一种形式，因为在这两种情况下，光都是由色素（光合作用中的叶绿素或DSC中的合成染料）收集的。这是有趣的，因为光合作用在入射光能（即光子）捕获到光合副产物中的能量方面的效率约为5%。尽管光合作用的效率明显很低，但它已经支撑了地球生物圈的亿万年。其中一个原因是每天到达地球表面的大量阳光。据估计，这比全球每年的能源消耗量高出约6,000倍，尽管全球人口不断增长，使用大量能源。考虑到太阳还将持续数十亿年，阳光比目前可用的任何其他能源都要丰富得多。在这种情况下，如果我们使用效率为10%的光伏发电，仅使用地球表面的0.2%就可以满足能源需求，同时在生产过程中只释放微量温室气体，而在运行过程中则不会释放。这将减缓与化石燃料相关的气候变化的加速步伐。虽然光伏吸收最近大幅增加（英国约11吉瓦，全球> 225吉瓦），但这仍然只占当前能源需求的一小部分;问题是为什么？晶体硅光伏目前主导市场（约90%），但重量大，刚性强，通常通过批量工艺制成有限的产品形式（矩形，封装，玻璃面板）。尽管这些产品已经上市多年，但它们仍然用螺栓固定在现有屋顶上的框架上，电线经常穿过开放的屋顶空间。他们不适合，他们是一个“螺栓”的解决方案。这项研究将开发PV，可以打印的连续（卷到卷，R2 R）处理。由于R2 R比批处理更快，它将降低制造成本，但增加了可以生产的产品数量。R2 R产品还可以制成任何长度或宽度，这将彻底改变光伏产品的形式。也许最重要的是，通过改变PV基板，这将使PV能够完全集成到屋顶/墙板或窗户中。这将大大降低安装和平衡系统成本（即光伏板安装系统，DC/AC电源逆变器，布线，开关，电池存储），这些成本几乎占大多数光伏安装成本的一半。DSC技术已经在商业化生产中（www.gcell.co.uk），并且已知适用于R2 R加工。此外，DSC原料无毒且丰富。虽然已经报道了DSC装置寿命>25，000 h（相当于约25年操作），但是所使用的液体电解质可能泄漏并且对一些金属具有腐蚀性，这增加了基板成本。该提案将这种液体电解质交换为固体电荷载体，以制造固态DSC（ssDSC）器件，以避免这些问题。虽然ssDSC之前已经制备，但难以控制它们的构造，因为这涉及将2个不同化学品的薄层沉积到多孔膜中的多孔金属氧化物颗粒上。由此产生的不一致的层覆盖导致能量损失，这限制了器件效率。为了克服这个问题，我们将使用自组装分子和计算机建模来探索表面化学/结构，以加快研究速度。因此，我们将设计染料和电荷载体，使其表现得像“在停车场自动停放的汽车”，并在固定到位之前移动到正确的位置。然后，通过控制自组装过程，我们将向设备中添加多种染料，以增加光捕获，从而提高设备效率，从而减少回报时间;即客户在能源账单上节省了足够的钱来支付系统购买成本的时间。通过将计算机建模和实验相结合，我们将通过减少所需的材料修改周期数，将设计到制造的时间缩短10倍。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Rapid, 5 min, low temperature aqueous platinization for plastic substrates for dye-sensitized solar cells

DOI：
10.1016/j.mlblux.2018.100001
发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
Materials Letters: X
影响因子：
0
作者：
P. Holliman;A. Fattori;R. Anthony;Udaya Ketipearacchi;A. Connell;M. L. Davies;Eurig W Jones
通讯作者：
P. Holliman;A. Fattori;R. Anthony;Udaya Ketipearacchi;A. Connell;M. L. Davies;Eurig W Jones

Double Linker Triphenylamine Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

DOI：
10.3390/en13184637
发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
Energies
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
P. Holliman;M. Mohsen;A. Connell;Christopher P. Kershaw;D. Meza-Rojas;Eurig W Jones;Dawn Geatches
通讯作者：
P. Holliman;M. Mohsen;A. Connell;Christopher P. Kershaw;D. Meza-Rojas;Eurig W Jones;Dawn Geatches

Low temperature sintering of aqueous TiO2 colloids for flexible, co-sensitized dye-sensitized solar cells

用于柔性共敏化染料敏化太阳能电池的水性二氧化钛胶体的低温烧结