Newton Fund: Applying nature-based coastal defence to the world's largest urban area - from science to practice

牛顿基金：将基于自然的海岸防御应用于世界上最大的城市地区——从科学到实践

• 批准号: EP/R024553/1
• 负责人: Ming Li
• 金额: $ 14.22万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FR024553%2F1
• 关键词: Newton; Fund; Applying; nature; based

Project Summary:Nature-based coastal defence solutions have increasingly been recognized as more sustainable alternatives to conventional engineering approaches against climate change. In deltas undergoing fast urbanization, applying nature-based solutions can lead to space competition with other land uses, e.g. land-reclamations. For optimized management, the question of how much space is required by nature-based solutions is important. However, our current knowledge is insufficient in ecosystem size-dependent defence-value and resilience. Additionally, we are lacking insights into ecosystem creation for coastal defence, as previous restoration efforts have suffered low success rates.The current proposal aims to develop process-based understanding and predictive models of ecosystem size requirements and how to create ecosystems for coastal defence, using the world's largest urban area, Pearl River Delta, China, as a model system. Delta-scale mangrove area monitoring and hydrodynamic modelling will be conducted to study wetland area changes and optimization of ecosystem spaces for defence, under contrasting scenarios of climate change and land-reclamations.This large-scaled study will also provide underpinning boundary conditions for local-scaled experiments and modelling. A set of experiments using novel instruments will be conducted to improve our insights on the processes influencing mangrove defence-value and lateral dynamics. Innovative measures of using dredging materials and oyster reefs to facilitate mangrove establishment will also be tested experimentally. Local-scaled models will incorporate the obtained experimental knowledge to predict mangrove biogeomorphic dynamics and provide guidelines for management. The developed models and knowledge will be directly applied in the design of a pilot eco-dike project in collaboration with our partners.Summary of the UK applicants' proposed contribution to the project:The focus of the study is on coastal zone management, including management of sediment and nature-based flood defence. The UK applicants will lead Work Task 1: Wetland area monitoring/hydrodynamic modelling. This work task will provide an over-view of the bio-physical conditions, including the morphological and land-use aspects of the Pearl River Delta and its regional setting. The UK team will implement a high resolution unstructured-grid model (FVCOM) for the Pearl River Delta (PRD) for hydrodynamics, waves and sediment transport which will provide the interface between the larger scale atmospheric and oceanic boundary conditions and the smaller-scale process studies and ecosystem modelling to be carried out by our Dutch and Chinese partners. We will also address some objectives within focus area 1 (Resilient urban planning and management) in terms of combining spatial planning and disaster management by optimizing land use, institutions and mechanisms for more sustainable urbanisation, exploring eco-dynamic design options to provide opportunities for nature as part of urban development processes and reducing urban footprints and developing performance evaluation systems to mitigate environmental impacts. We will explore opportunities to apply management decision tools, such as those recently developed in the EPSRC ARCoES project.

基于自然的海岸防御解决方案越来越被认为是应对气候变化的传统工程方法的更可持续的替代方案。在快速城市化的三角洲，采用基于自然的解决方案可能导致与其他土地利用方式（如填海造地）的空间竞争。为了优化管理，基于自然的解决方案需要多少空间的问题很重要。然而，我们目前的知识是不够的，在生态系统的大小依赖的防御价值和弹性。此外，由于以往的恢复工作成功率较低，我们对海防生态系统的创建缺乏深入的了解。目前的提案旨在以世界上最大的城市地区--中国珠江三角洲为模型系统，开发基于过程的理解和预测模型，以了解生态系统的规模要求，以及如何创建海防生态系统。将进行三角洲尺度的红树林区域监测和水动力模拟，以研究在气候变化和填海造地的对比情景下，湿地面积的变化和生态系统空间的优化。这项大尺度研究还将为当地尺度的实验和模拟提供基础边界条件。一组实验，使用新的仪器将进行，以提高我们的见解的过程影响红树林防御价值和横向动态。此外，我们亦会试验利用挖掘物料和蚝礁促进红树林生长的创新措施。当地规模的模型将结合所获得的实验知识，以预测红树林地貌动态和管理提供指导方针。开发的模型和知识将直接应用于与我们的合作伙伴合作的生态堤坝试点项目的设计中。英国申请人对该项目的拟议贡献摘要：研究的重点是海岸带管理，包括沉积物管理和基于自然的防洪。英国申请人将领导工作任务1：湿地区域监测/流体动力学建模。这项工作将概述珠江三角洲的生物物理状况，包括地貌和土地用途及其区域环境。英国团队将为珠江三角洲（PRD）实施一个高分辨率非结构网格模型（FVCOM），用于水动力学，波浪和沉积物输运，该模型将为较大规模的大气和海洋边界条件与我们的荷兰和中国合作伙伴将进行的较小规模过程研究和生态系统建模之间提供接口。我们还将解决重点领域1（弹性城市规划和管理）中的一些目标，通过优化土地利用，机构和机制，将空间规划和灾害管理相结合，以实现更可持续的城市化，探索生态动态设计方案，为自然提供机会，作为城市发展进程的一部分，减少城市足迹，并开发绩效评估系统，以减轻环境影响。我们将探索应用管理决策工具的机会，例如最近在EPSRC ARCoES项目中开发的工具。

项目成果

Tide-Surge Interaction in the Pearl River Estuary: A Case Study of Typhoon Hato

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.00236
• 发表时间: 2020-04
• 作者: P. Zheng;Ming Li;Caixia Wang;J. Wolf;Xue'en Chen;M. De Dominicis;P. Yao;Zhan Hu

Development, calibration and validation of a phase-averaged model for cross-shore sediment transport and morphodynamics on a barred beach

• DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2023.104989
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Continental Shelf Research
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: P. Zheng;G. Gumbira;Ming Li;Joep van der Zanden;D. van der A;J. J. Van der Werf-J.;Xue'en Chen;Xiaonan Tang

Future Interactions Between Sea Level Rise, Tides, and Storm Surges in the World's Largest Urban Area

• DOI: 10.1029/2020gl087002
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: M. De Dominicis;J. Wolf;S. Jevrejeva;P. Zheng;Zhan Hu