An EPSRC National Research Facility to facilitate Data Science in the Physical Sciences: The Physical Sciences Data science Service (PSDS)

现代物理科学家如果不产生大量的数据，求助于相关/先前的数据，进行重要的数据分析，并将结果与其他数据相结合，就无法进行研究。这需要一系列的技能和资源，而这些是大多数物理科学家无法获得的。因此，物理科学迫切需要提供对数据的访问并将其与数据科学方法相结合。这需要建立一个新的技能基础，使以数据科学的方式工作成为可能。物理科学数据科学服务（PSDS）将提供一个单一的地方，现有数据库、开放数据源和仍在处理的数据可以以统一的方式存储和搜索。这意味着寻找和组合不同类型的物理科学数据——从结构细节到测量的材料物理性质——将变得微不足道。它还可以将实验数据与现有数据进行即时比较。然而，这仅仅是个开始。在所有这些数据中执行数据科学的潜力是巨大的，例如，机器学习和人工智能方法，它们本身正在成为一种新的研究途径。数据科学成为所有物理科学家的常规工具是至关重要的。对许多人来说，这意味着学习新的技能。因此，PSDS将围绕执行数据科学所需的四个主要能力（统计、编程/工具、计算方法和数据可视化）制定培训计划。确定与网络和研究生培训的联系将使PSDS用户在数据科学的各个方面获得更深层次的技能。长期目标是PSDS，因此数据科学，成为物理科学家研究基础设施的一个无缝的关键部分。

The modern physical scientist cannot perform their research without generating significant quantities of data, having recourse to related/prior data, significant data analysis and integrating results with other data. This requires a range of skills and resources that are not available to the majority of physical scientists. There is therefore an urgent need in the physical sciences for providing access to data and integrating them with data science approaches. This requires building a new skills base that enables and empowers working in a data science way. The Physical Sciences Data-science Service (PSDS) will provide a single place where existing databases, open data sources and data that is still being worked on can be stored and searched in a unified way. This means that it will become trivial to find and combine different types of physical sciences data - from details on structure to measured physical properties of materials. It will also make possible instant comparison of and context for experiment data with that already available. This is just the start however. There is enormous potential for being able to perform data science across all of these data, that is for example, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence approaches, which are becoming a new avenue of research in their own right. It is vital that data science becomes a routine tool for all physical scientists. For many this will mean learning new skills. The PSDS will therefore develop a training programme around the four main competencies (statistics, programming/tools, computational methods & data visualisation) required to perform data science. Identified links with networks and postgraduate training will enable PSDS users to gain deeper skills in various aspects of data science.The long-term aim is for the PSDS, and therefore data science, to become a seamless, key part of the research infrastructure for physical scientists.