Magnetic Research Fusion Programme 2019-2022

磁研究融合计划 2019-2022

• 批准号: EP/T012250/1
• 负责人: Ian Chapman
• 金额: $ 5508.57万
• 依托单位: CCFE/UKAEA
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT012250%2F1
• 关键词: Magnetic; Research; Fusion; Programme; 2019

CCFE's mission is to harness the fusion process that powers the sun by using magnetic fields in order to develop a large-scale carbon-free energy source and position the UK to be a leading provider in the international fusion energy economy. Fusion has the potential to be an important component of the portfolio of measures needed to ensure a secure, environmentally responsible, supply of energy. CCFE is a major player in a global collaboration aimed at producing a commercial-scale fusion demonstration reactor (DEMO), which will be preceded by the demonstration of the first self-sustaining plasmas in ITER, the next-step international fusion experiment under construction in France. CCFE operates the world's largest tokamak, JET, under contract to EURATOM, as well as being pioneers of the spherical tokamak, with an exciting upgrade to the UK facility MAST becoming operational in 2017. JET is unarguably the best facility for preparation for ITER, whilst MAST Upgrade is a uniquely capable machine for understanding and developing ways to exhaust the heat in DEMO. This strength in tokamak physics is complemented by growing, internationally-leading programmes in materials science, fusion technology and remote maintenance. The CCFE strategy is aligned with the EU fusion programme, with all the science and technology benefits that brings, as well as access to facilities and substantial EU funding leveraged by our UK funding. The JET contribution supported by this grant (~£9M pa) leverages the JET Operating Contract worth ~£45M pa. Furthermore, we expect the remainder of the programme to leverage nearly 40% extra funding from the EU.Whilst the successful operation of ITER remains the first major goal of the fusion community, there are big issues for realising fusion electricity in materials and technology. These are also the areas with greater synergies with other fields. Reflecting this, the UK has invested ~£10M via NNUF (National Nuclear User Facility) in a nuclear Materials Research Facility (MRF), opened at CCFE in 2016. The MRF is aligned with, and will receive funding from, the Sir Henry Royce Institute materials initiative. Fusion and fission materials science and technology capabilities have grown in both theory & modelling, experiments and manufacturing. We are growing a programme in materials technology (including advanced manufacturing and component prototyping) with several universities and industrial partners. The Oxford City Deal has provided ~£10M for a new building for the centre for Remote Applications in Challenging Environments (RACE), opened in 2016, building on expertise from maintenance of JET for spin-out to other industries as well as keeping the UK at the forefront of fusion remote maintenance. Further opportunities arising from collaborations with non-fusion fields such as fission, aerospace and data-intensive computing through H2020 projects are being exploited, to mutual benefit. The four main drivers of our programme are (i) to ensure a leading position for the UK in the first burning plasmas in ITER; (ii) to develop integrated nuclear fusion power plant designs; (iii) to innovate in order to drive down the capital and operational cost of fusion reactors; and (iv) to exploit synergies to further UK interests and develop UK skills and growth. Finally, we will maintain our excellent apprentice training (the Oxford Advanced Skills centre is due to open in 2017) and PhD supervision, whilst increasing our post-doc intake to provide a career path for development of the ITER generation, benefitting from the top students trained in the UK.

CCFE的使命是利用磁场来利用核聚变过程为太阳供电，以开发大规模的无碳能源，并将英国定位为国际核聚变能源经济的领先供应商。核聚变有潜力成为确保安全、对环境负责的能源供应所需的一系列措施的重要组成部分。CCFE是旨在生产商业规模聚变示范反应堆（DEMO）的全球合作的主要参与者，在此之前，将在法国正在建设的下一步国际聚变实验ITER中演示第一个自我维持等离子体。CCFE根据欧洲原子能机构的合同运营着世界上最大的托卡马克JET，同时也是球形托卡马克的先驱，对英国设施MAST的令人兴奋的升级将于2017年投入使用。JET无疑是为ITER做准备的最佳设备，而MAST Upgrade是一台独特的机器，用于理解和开发DEMO中的散热方法。托卡马克物理的这种优势得到了材料科学，聚变技术和远程维护方面不断增长的国际领先计划的补充。CCFE的战略与欧盟的融合计划保持一致，具有所有的科学和技术优势，以及我们的英国资助所带来的设施和大量的欧盟资金。由这笔拨款（约900万英镑/年）支持的JET贡献利用了价值约4500万英镑/年的JET运营合同。此外，我们预计该计划的剩余部分将从欧盟获得近40%的额外资金。虽然ITER的成功运行仍然是核聚变界的第一个主要目标，但在材料和技术上实现核聚变电力存在重大问题。这些领域也与其他领域具有更大的协同效应。有鉴于此，英国已通过NNUF（国家核用户设施）投资约1000万英镑，于2016年在CCFE开设了一个核材料研究设施（MRF）。MRF与亨利·罗伊斯爵士研究所材料倡议保持一致，并将获得资助。聚变和裂变材料的科学技术能力在理论和建模、实验和制造方面都有所增长。我们正在与几所大学和工业合作伙伴一起发展材料技术（包括先进制造和组件原型）计划。牛津城市协议为2016年开放的具有挑战性环境中的远程应用中心（RACE）的新大楼提供了约1000万英镑的资金，该中心建立在JET的维护专业知识基础上，用于其他行业，并使英国保持在融合远程维护的前沿。通过H2020项目与非核聚变领域（如裂变、航空航天和数据密集型计算）合作产生的进一步机会正在被利用，以实现互利。我们计划的四个主要驱动力是：(1)确保英国在ITER的第一个燃烧等离子体方面处于领先地位；（ii）发展综合核聚变发电厂的设计；（iii）创新，以降低核聚变反应堆的资金和运行成本；（iv）利用协同效应来促进英国的利益，发展英国的技能和增长。最后，我们将保持我们优秀的学徒培训（牛津高级技能中心将于2017年开放）和博士指导，同时增加我们的博士后招收，为ITER一代的发展提供职业道路，受益于在英国培训的顶尖学生。

项目成果

Effects of neutron irradiation on the brittle to ductile transition in single crystal tungsten

中子辐照对单晶钨脆塑转变的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.151799
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Nuclear Materials
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Abernethy R

Optimal Grasping Pose Synthesis in a Constrained Environment

受限环境中的最佳抓取姿势合成

• DOI: 10.3390/robotics10010004
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Robotics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Altobelli A

Wavelength calibration of birefringent interferometers for 2-D measurement of plasma flow.

用于等离子体流二维测量的双折射干涉仪的波长校准。

• DOI: 10.1364/oe.473278
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Optics express
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Allcock JS

Microstructure-informed, predictive crystal plasticity finite element model of fatigue-dwells

• DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.109823
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Computational Materials Science
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: D. Agius;Abdullah Al Mamun;C. Simpson;C. Truman;Yiqiang Wang;M. Mostafavi;D. Knowles

H-Mode Power Threshold Studies on MAST

MAST 的 H 模式功率阈值研究

• DOI: 10.3390/plasma2030024
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Plasma
• 作者: Andrew Y