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H2-Heat: Thermal energy transport for heating and cooling with innovative hydrogen(H2) technologies

H2-Heat：利用创新的氢 (H2) 技术进行加热和冷却的热能传输

基本信息

批准号：
EP/T022760/1
负责人：
Yunting Ge
金额：
$ 126.81万
依托单位：
London South Bank University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT022760%2F1
关键词：
H2 Heat Thermal energy transport

项目摘要

In the UK, heat accounts for over a third of the nation's greenhouse gas emissions. Most of the heating and cooling in our industries and buildings are delivered directly or indirectly by fossil fuels. Apart from the greenhouse emissions, the extensive consumption of fossil fuels can also lead to a large depletion of energy resources, waste heat production and pollution to the surrounding environment. To meet the target of Net Zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, there is an urgent need for decarbonising heating and cooling by utilising renewable energy and industrial waste heat with advanced technologies. Compared to renewable energy such as solar, the resources from industrial waste heat have clear advantages including greater stabilisation, less cost and larger temperature ranges. Therefore, industrial waste heat recovery for decarbonised heating and cooling is an attractive concept that could simultaneously reduce fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Evidently, in the UK, based on a recent report, it was identified that around 48 TWh/yr industrial waste heat sources were available of which about 28 TWh/yr could be potentially used to meet the heating and cooling demands. All heat-intensive industrial sectors including iron & steel, refineries, ceramics, glass, cement, chemicals, food and drink, paper and pulp can contribute to this potential. Even so, high efficient energy conversion systems need to be designed and applied so as to maximize the waste heat utilisations for heating and cooling. On the other hand, the locations of industrial waste heat providers such as steel plants are mostly far away from the utilisers for heating and cooling. Conventionally, hot water heated by the industrial waste heat is transported through long distance water pipe to the end user site which can cause huge pump power consumption and heat losses due to significant friction pressure drop for the water flow and large temperature difference between water flow and ambient. There are therefore challenges to the long-distance waste heat transport and high-efficient and innovative energy conversion technologies for the decarbonising heating and cooling. To address these challenges, in this proposal, strategies for a novel concept of decarbonising district heating and cooling system (H2-heat) will be developed with the integration of metal hydride (MH) heat pump on site, long distance hydrogen and heat transport, and MH heating and cooling for end users. In such a system, low grade heat (~210C) and extra low grade heat (~40C) from TATA Steel plant or a similar industry site will be used as heat sources while building heating and cooling spaces are applied as heat sink and low temperature heat source respectively at end user side. Technologies of MH heat pump, a thermal driven chemical compressor with MH, long distance hydrogen and heat transport, MH space heating and cooling, MH alloys and reactors applied in the systems and processes, controls for space heating and cooling etc. will be identified and investigated. Ultimately, a decarbonising district heating and cooling test system with industrial waste heat from TATA Steel plant or other industrial sites will be constructed in lab with 5 kWth heating or cooling capacity and high heat transport efficiency. Furthermore, a detailed mathematical model will be developed and validated for the established system; this can be used for a system scale-up into actual application in TATA Steel plant or other industrial sites where low grade waste heat is available. As yet, no research activity on such a system can be found either nationally or internationally. Important reasons include the difficulty in choosing a thermal driven long distance hydrogen and heat transport system and associated MH alloys for space heating and cooling and complicated designs of MH reactors in the H2-heat system. These challenges and issues will be addressed and solved by this proposed project.

在英国，热量占全国温室气体排放量的三分之一以上。我们的工业和建筑物中的大多数供暖和制冷都是直接或间接由化石燃料提供的。除温室气体排放外，大量消耗化石燃料亦会导致能源大量消耗、产生废热及污染周边环境。为了实现到2050年温室气体净零排放的目标，迫切需要通过利用先进技术的可再生能源和工业余热来实现脱碳供暖和制冷。与太阳能等可再生能源相比，工业余热资源具有明显的优势，包括更高的稳定性、更低的成本和更大的温度范围。因此，用于脱碳加热和冷却的工业废热回收是一个有吸引力的概念，可以同时减少化石燃料消耗和二氧化碳排放。显然，在英国，根据最近的一份报告，确定了大约48 TWh/年的工业废热源可用，其中大约28 TWh/年可以潜在地用于满足加热和冷却需求。包括钢铁、炼油厂、陶瓷、玻璃、水泥、化工、食品和饮料、造纸和纸浆在内的所有热密集型工业部门都可以为这一潜力做出贡献。即便如此，仍需要设计和应用高效的能量转换系统，以最大限度地利用废热进行加热和冷却。另一方面，钢铁厂等工业废热供应商的位置大多远离供热和制冷的利用者。传统上，由工业废热加热的热水通过长距离水管输送到最终用户现场，由于水流的显著摩擦压降和水流与环境之间的大温差，这会导致巨大的泵功率消耗和热损失。因此，远距离余热输送和高效创新的脱碳加热和冷却能源转换技术面临挑战。为了应对这些挑战，在本提案中，将开发脱碳区域加热和冷却系统（H2-heat）新概念的策略，并将现场金属氢化物（MH）热泵，长距离氢气和热量输送以及最终用户的MH加热和冷却集成在一起。在这样的系统中，来自塔塔钢铁厂或类似工业场所的低品位热量（~ 210 C）和超低品位热量（~ 40 C）将用作热源，而建筑物加热和冷却空间分别用作最终用户侧的散热器和低温热源。将对MH热泵、MH热驱动化学压缩机、长距离氢和热传输、MH空间加热和冷却、MH合金和反应器在系统和过程中的应用、空间加热和冷却控制等技术进行鉴定和研究。最终，将在实验室中建造一个脱碳区域加热和冷却测试系统，该系统利用塔塔钢铁厂或其他工业场所的工业余热，具有5千瓦的加热或冷却能力和高的热传输效率。此外，将为已建立的系统开发和验证详细的数学模型;这可用于TATA钢铁厂或其他可获得低品位废热的工业场所的实际应用中的系统放大。到目前为止，无论是在国内还是在国际上，都没有关于这种系统的研究活动。重要的原因包括难以选择热驱动的长距离氢和热传输系统以及用于空间加热和冷却的相关MH合金以及H2-热系统中MH反应器的复杂设计。这些挑战和问题将通过本拟议项目加以解决。