A versatile PCM energy storage system for building applications (Versatile PCM)

适用于建筑应用的多功能 PCM 储能系统（Versatile PCM）

• 批准号: EP/T02318X/1
• 负责人: Saffa Riffat
• 金额: $ 105.75万
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT02318X%2F1
• 关键词: versatile; PCM; energy; storage; system

In the UK, heating and hot water for buildings make up 40% of energy use and 20% of greenhouse gas emissions. These emissions must be reduced by over 20% by 2030, with a nearly complete decarbonisation by 2050, as part of the legally binding targets set by the Parliament in the Climate Change Act. To reach these targets and reduce the energy consumption, an innovative Versatile PCM (phase change material) energy storage system is presented.The proposed Versatile PCM system can play an essential role in synchronizing end use energy demand and supply on a short to long term basis. Versatile PCM will encourage the use of energy-efficient solutions, especially being adaptable to the British weather where the solar radiation may change dramatically during a day. Versatile PCM is a promising advanced technology in addressing the "heating on demand" energy issue in building applications. Apart from a possible modest loss of sensible heat just after charging, the thermal energy will be effectively stored at room temperature or ambient temperature, without loss, until required. When heat is required, a trigger is activated to induce heat release. Versatile PCM is an innovative and alternative energy storage measure with the advantage of controllable heat release and greatly reduced heat loss. To enhance long term energy storage at ambient temperature, installation can be placed as PCM groups, each with its own trigger, enabling release of heat only as demanded for long term needs. Normally, PCM can store heat with very high energy density, however, for long-term storage, heat loss is still a challenging problem. In conventional PCM storage, the PCMs are stored at ambient, above their melting point, resulting in continuous loss of energy. A major advantage of Versatile PCM is the use of the supercooling characteristics of PCM where heat is released only when the user triggers the crystallization mechanism, allowing long term, efficient storage.Photovoltaics/thermal solar collectors will supply a hot fluid to charge the PCM cells. The heat can be supplied to cells directly by the collectors in high solar radiation days and by the heat pump in low solar radiation days where the temperature of the heat transfer fluid can be boosted by a PV-driven heat pump. The system can also be implemented in industrial applications, where waste heat can be stored in the PCM cells and used later when it is required. Different numbers and sizes of PCM cells can be activated at different times to meet the heating demand. The flexibility in amount of heat release and available time of storage makes the Versatile PCM installation unique and especially suited to regions with high variability in weather conditions such as the UK. The system can be charged during high solar radiation days and the stored heat released according to heat demand on subsequent days. The novel technology developed through this project is much more efficient than traditional heating technologies by eliminating heat loss during thermal storage and being controllable in end use energy management, and therefore can significantly reduce the carbon emissions from the heating sector in the UK, if widely installed.

在英国，建筑物的供暖和热水占能源消耗的40%，温室气体排放的20%。作为议会在《气候变化法》中设定的具有法律约束力的目标的一部分，到2030年，这些排放必须减少20%以上，到2050年几乎完全脱碳。为了达到这些目标，降低能源消耗，提出了一种创新的多功能相变材料(PCM)储能系统，该系统可以在短期和长期同步终端能源需求和供应方面发挥重要作用。多功能的PCM将鼓励使用节能解决方案，特别是适应英国的天气，那里的太阳辐射可能在一天中发生巨大变化。多功能PCM是一种很有前途的先进技术，可以解决建筑应用中的按需供暖能源问题。除了充电后可能会有少量的显热损失外，热能将有效地储存在室温或环境温度下，不会损失，直到需要为止。当需要加热时，触发器被激活以诱导热量释放。多功能相变储能系统是一种新型的、可替代的储能方式，具有散热可控、热损失小等优点。为了增强在环境温度下的长期能量存储，可以将装置设置为PCM组，每个组都有自己的触发器，只有在长期需要时才能释放热量。通常情况下，相变材料能够以很高的能量密度储存热量，然而，对于长期储存来说，热量损失仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。在传统的相变存储中，相变存储在其熔点以上的环境中，导致能量的持续损失。多功能PCM的一个主要优势是利用了PCM的过冷特性，只有当用户触发结晶机制时才会释放热量，从而实现长期、高效的存储。光伏/热太阳能集热器将提供热液为PCM电池充电。在太阳辐射高的日子里，热可以由集热器直接提供给电池，在太阳辐射低的日子里，热泵可以提供给电池，在低太阳辐射的日子里，热传输流体的温度可以通过光伏驱动的热泵来提高。该系统还可以在工业应用中实施，在工业应用中，废热可以存储在PCM电池中，并在以后需要时使用。可以在不同的时间激活不同数量和大小的相变材料电池，以满足加热需求。散热量和可用存储时间的灵活性使多功能PCM安装独一无二，特别适合英国等天气条件变化较大的地区。该系统可以在太阳辐射高的日子充电，并在随后的几天根据热需求释放储存的热量。通过该项目开发的新技术比传统供暖技术效率高得多，因为它消除了储热过程中的热损失，并在最终用户能源管理中可控，因此，如果广泛安装，可以显著减少英国供暖部门的碳排放。

项目成果

A preliminary experimental study of a novel incorporation of chilled ceiling with phase change materials and transparent membrane cover

相变材料与透明膜罩新型冷天花板的初步实验研究

• DOI: 10.1093/ijlct/ctab104
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Riffat J

Supercooled PCM storage in solar assisted heat pump unit to eliminate daily solar variation on heating for short to mid-term period

太阳能辅助热泵机组中的过冷 PCM 存储可消除中短期供暖的每日太阳变化

• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Kutlu C.

Incorporation of controllable supercooled phase change material heat storage with a solar assisted heat pump: Testing of crystallization triggering and heating demand-based modelling study

• DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2022.105744
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: Journal of Energy Storage
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: C. Kutlu;Emmanuel Tapia-Brito;O. Agbonaye;Yuehong Su;S. Smith;B. Hughes;S. Riffat